Emi Yela Utami Sari, Widya Hary Cahyati, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum

Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients in Semarang City

Introduction

Uncontrolled blood pressure in hypertension patients in semarang city. Analyze factors linked to uncontrolled blood pressure in Semarang's hypertension patients. Study reveals age, drug compliance, obesity, education, smoking, exercise, stress, and marital status are significant.

Abstract

Hypertension is blood pressure above the normal threshold of 120/80 mmHg. Uncontrolled blood pressure is blood pressure >140/90 mmHg. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to uncontrolled blood pressure. Controlled in Hypertension Patients in Semarang City. This study used a cross-sectional method, the research sample was 400 people with convenience sampling technique. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and medical records. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test and logistic regression. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the variables of age p value 0.043 <0.05; PR1.141, drug consumption compliance 0.027 <0.05; PR 0.864, obesity incidence p value 0.023 <0.05; PR1.157 , education level p value 0.020 <0.05; PR1,190, smoking status p value 0.017<0.05; PR1,271, exercise habits p value 0.012<0.05; PR1,186, stress events p value 0.036<0.05; PR1,146, marital status p value 0.39<0.05; PR0,865, and there is no relationship between gender p value 0.151>0.05 , with uncontrolled blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Semarang City. The obesity variable (p value 0.023<0.05) is the most risky variable or the most related to uncontrolled blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Semarang City. The conclusion of the results of this study is that there is a relationship between age, drug compliance, obesity events, education level, smoking status, exercise habits, stress events and marital status with uncontrolled blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Semarang City.

Review

This study addresses a critical public health concern by investigating factors related to uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive patients in Semarang City. The clear objective and a robust sample size of 400 individuals, analyzed using appropriate statistical methods like chi-square and logistic regression, are commendable. The research comprehensively explores a wide array of potential factors, including demographics, lifestyle choices, and medical adherence, providing valuable local insights into the complex determinants of blood pressure control. The identification of multiple significant relationships, from age and obesity to drug compliance and smoking, underscores the multifactorial nature of the problem. However, several methodological limitations and reporting inconsistencies warrant attention. The use of convenience sampling, while practical, inherently limits the generalizability of the findings to the broader population of Semarang City and may introduce selection bias. Furthermore, the cross-sectional design only allows for the identification of associations, not causality. A notable inconsistency in the abstract is the reported p-value for marital status ("0.39 < 0.05"), which is mathematically incorrect and casts doubt on the precision of the statistical reporting for this variable. Additionally, the statement that obesity (PR 1.157) is "the most risky variable" seems contradictory when other reported variables, such as smoking status (PR 1.271) and education level (PR 1.190), have higher crude PR values, requiring clarification on how "most risky" was determined (e.g., from an adjusted model not fully detailed here). Despite these points, the study offers significant baseline data, contributing to the understanding of uncontrolled hypertension in the region. To enhance the robustness and impact of future research, it is recommended that subsequent studies consider probability sampling techniques to improve generalizability and employ longitudinal designs to explore causal relationships. The authors should also meticulously review and rectify any statistical reporting errors to maintain scientific rigor. Addressing these methodological and reporting aspects would strengthen the validity of the conclusions and better inform targeted public health interventions for hypertension management in Semarang City.

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