Habib Hamam

Rethinking Intelligence: From Human Cognition to Artificial Futures

Introduction

Rethinking intelligence: from human cognition to artificial futures. Explore a new framework for evaluating human & artificial intelligence, connecting 15 conditions to 9 AI development directions. A roadmap for trustworthy, ethical, and socially meaningful AI systems.

Abstract

The rapid advancement of AI technologies raises pressing questions about the nature and future direction of intelligence. A key challenge is to understand how human and artificial intelligences differ, not just in form but in function, and how they should be evaluated in a shared context. This paper proposes a structured framework based on 15 measurable conditions of intelligence, such as memory, adaptability, specialization, and ethical alignment. Our main contribution lies in connecting these conditions to nine key directions of AI development—such as responsible AI, human–machine collaboration, and quantum AI—to outline how intelligence can be evaluated and guided across both natural and synthetic domains. Methodologically, we cross-analyze these dimensions using a 15×9 matrix, providing both a diagnostic tool and a conceptual roadmap for future AI development. This approach blends insights from cognitive science, applied AI, ethics, and philosophy. Our findings show that intelligence must be judged not just by computational capability but by interpretability, ethical grounding, and social utility. Contextual and hybrid systems—those that adapt to environments and align with human values—emerge as the most promising. We conclude by calling for an interdisciplinary approach to build intelligence systems that are not only powerful but also trustworthy and socially meaningful.

Review

The paper, "Rethinking Intelligence: From Human Cognition to Artificial Futures," tackles a crucial and timely issue: the evolving definition and evaluation of intelligence in an era dominated by rapid AI advancements. It persuasively argues for the necessity of understanding the fundamental differences between human and artificial intelligence, not just in their form but in their functional capacities and how they should be assessed within a shared context. The central contribution of this work is the proposal of a structured framework built upon 15 measurable conditions of intelligence—ranging from memory and adaptability to ethical alignment—which are then insightfully linked to nine key directions of AI development, such as responsible AI, human–machine collaboration, and quantum AI. This provides a much-needed systematic approach to evaluating and guiding intelligence across both natural and synthetic domains. Methodologically, the paper employs a rigorous 15x9 matrix for cross-analysis, positioning it as both a diagnostic tool for current AI capabilities and a conceptual roadmap for future research and development. This interdisciplinary approach, drawing from cognitive science, applied AI, ethics, and philosophy, ensures a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of intelligence. The findings underscore a critical shift in evaluation criteria, advocating that intelligence must be judged not solely by computational prowess but equally by interpretability, ethical grounding, and social utility. The emphasis on contextual and hybrid systems—those that demonstrate adaptability to environments and alignment with human values—highlights a promising path forward for the design and deployment of intelligent agents. Ultimately, this paper offers a significant and thoughtful contribution to the burgeoning field of AI research and ethics. By providing a clear framework and advocating for an interdisciplinary approach, it lays a solid foundation for building intelligence systems that are not only powerful but also trustworthy, transparent, and profoundly beneficial to society. The call for an interdisciplinary effort to construct socially meaningful AI resonates deeply, positioning this work as an essential guide for fostering responsible innovation and shaping a future where artificial intelligence truly serves human flourishing.

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