lalu muhamad rizwan iqball, Rusnan, Johannes Johny Koynja

KONSTITUSIONALITAS AMBANG BATAS CALON KEPALA DAERAH DAN CALON WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH BERDASARKAN PRINSIP DEMOKRASI

Introduction

Konstitusionalitas ambang batas calon kepala daerah dan calon wakil kepala daerah berdasarkan prinsip demokrasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji konstitusionalitas penurunan ambang batas calon kepala daerah di Indonesia (Putusan MK 60/PUU/XXII/2024), dampaknya pada partisipasi politik dan demokrasi.

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 60/PUU/XXII/2024 yang secara signifikan menurunkan ambang batas pencalonan kepala daerah dan wakil kepala daerah dari 20–25% menjadi 6,5–10% berdasarkan jumlah Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT). Fokus utama penelitian adalah menilai sejauh mana putusan ini mencerminkan prinsip-prinsip keadilan, demokrasi, persamaan kesempatan, serta perlindungan hak asasi manusia dalam sistem pemilihan kepala daerah di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif melalui analisis perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan studi kasus, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penurunan ambang batas tersebut membuka ruang partisipasi politik yang lebih luas bagi partai politik kecil dan calon independen, serta menghapus hambatan diskriminatif dalam proses pencalonan. Selain itu, implementasi putusan ini memerlukan sosialisasi yang masif dan terstruktur oleh KPU, Bawaslu, dan DKPP, serta dukungan dari lembaga swadaya masyarakat, perguruan tinggi, dan organisasi kepemudaan dalam pendidikan politik berbasis komunitas. Dengan demikian, putusan ini tidak hanya menjadi preseden yuridis, tetapi juga menjadi landasan normatif dalam pembentukan kebijakan pemilu yang lebih adil dan demokratis.

Review

This paper offers a timely and critical examination of Constitutional Court Decision No. 60/PUU/XXII/2024, which significantly revised the threshold for regional head and deputy regional head candidacies in Indonesia. By focusing on the reduction from 20-25% to a more accessible 6.5-10% of the permanent voter list (DPT), the research directly addresses a pivotal aspect of electoral law. The study's core objective is to evaluate the extent to which this landmark decision aligns with fundamental principles of justice, democracy, equal opportunity, and human rights, thereby contributing to the ongoing discourse on electoral fairness and inclusivity within the Indonesian political landscape. Utilizing a robust normative legal approach, encompassing legislative analysis, a conceptual framework, and a relevant case study, the research effectively dissects the implications of the Court's ruling. A central finding highlights that the lowered threshold is instrumental in broadening political participation, specifically by creating more opportunities for smaller political parties and independent candidates. Crucially, the study identifies that this adjustment serves to dismantle previously existing discriminatory barriers in the nomination process, fostering a more equitable playing field for all aspirants. This analysis provides valuable insights into how legal reforms can directly impact the democratization of political processes. Beyond its juridical analysis, the paper extends its scope to address the practical implementation of the decision. It underscores the vital necessity for extensive and well-structured socialization efforts by key electoral bodies such as the KPU, Bawaslu, and DKPP. Furthermore, it advocates for collaborative support from civil society organizations, universities, and youth groups in fostering community-based political education. By framing the decision not only as a juridical precedent but also as a normative foundation for future, more just, and democratic electoral policies, the research provides a comprehensive review of both the legal impact and the societal imperative for ensuring its successful integration into Indonesia's democratic framework.

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