Mohd Nazril Saad, Muhammad Safwan Harun, Muhammad Ikhlas Rosele

Analisis Konseptual Aplikasi Wakalah dalam Perkhidmatan Ibadah Komersial di Malaysia dari Perspektif Perundangan Islam

Introduction

Analisis konseptual aplikasi wakalah dalam perkhidmatan ibadah komersial di malaysia dari perspektif perundangan islam . Analisis konseptual aplikasi wakalah dalam perkhidmatan ibadah komersial di Malaysia dari perspektif perundangan Islam. Meneliti isu etika, kepatuhan Syariah, dan mencadang Kod Etika untuk transparansi.

Abstract

This study aims to analyse conceptually the application of wakalah (agency) in religious service provisions such as charity, ritual animal sacrifice, and pilgrimage, which have been extensively commercialized among the Malaysian Muslim community. The wakalah principle serves as a pivotal mechanism for fulfilling religious obligations and social welfare through formal agencies comprising public sector entities, private institutions, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Although wakalah is firmly grounded in Islamic legal tradition, the contemporary implementation of wakalah raises several critical issues, particularly concerning the validity of delegated religious acts and the commercial appeal driving agency participation in these services. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study conducts content analysis of classical fiqh texts, relevant legal provisions, and existing religious service guidelines. The data is analysed descriptively to assess the appropriateness of wakalah practices within the framework of Islamic jurisprudence. The findings indicate a strong legal basis for wakalah in religious services; however, its commercial implementation necessitates closer attention to transparency, Shariah compliance, and the protection of stakeholder rights of both principals (muwakkil) and agents (wakil). Accordingly, this study proposes the development of a Code of Ethics for Commercial Religious Services as a proactive measure to ensure ethical conduct and regulatory oversight in wakalah-based implementations.

Review

The paper, "Analisis Konseptual Aplikasi Wakalah dalam Perkhidmatan Ibadah Komersial di Malaysia dari Perspektif Perundangan Islam", presents a timely conceptual analysis of the *wakalah* (agency) principle within the context of commercialized religious services in Malaysia. It seeks to critically examine the contemporary application of *wakalah* in areas such as charity, ritual animal sacrifice, and pilgrimage, addressing key concerns related to the validity of delegated religious acts and the underlying commercial motivations driving agency participation. The qualitative approach, employing content analysis of classical *fiqh* texts, relevant legal provisions, and existing guidelines, is well-suited for this conceptual inquiry, providing a robust framework for assessing current practices. The study's findings affirm a strong legal basis for *wakalah* in religious services from an Islamic jurisprudence perspective. However, it astutely identifies that the commercial implementation of these services introduces complex challenges, particularly concerning transparency, stringent Shariah compliance, and the safeguarding of stakeholder rights for both principals (*muwakkil*) and agents (*wakil*). This nuanced conclusion highlights the tension between the historical legal permissibility of *wakalah* and the practical intricacies arising from its widespread commercialization, underscoring the necessity for robust frameworks to prevent exploitation and uphold ethical standards. Ultimately, this research makes a significant contribution by bridging classical Islamic legal theory with contemporary commercial realities in religious services. The proposal for a Code of Ethics for Commercial Religious Services emerges as a highly pertinent and proactive measure. Such a framework is crucial for ensuring ethical conduct, enhancing regulatory oversight, and thereby reinforcing public trust in *wakalah*-based services. This study provides a foundational understanding and practical direction for policymakers and practitioners alike, ensuring that the spirit of *wakalah* as a mechanism for fulfilling religious obligations and social welfare remains intact amidst commercial advancements.

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