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The relationship between anthropometry and biomotor ability on gymnastics potential at SD Negeri 1 Gentan

Introduction

The relationship between anthropometry and biomotor ability on gymnastics potential at sd negeri 1 gentan. This study analyzes how anthropometry and biomotor ability influence gymnastics potential in elementary school students. Findings show flexibility and training are key, with some body structure roles.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between anthropometric variables and biomotor abilities with gymnastics potential in elementary school students. The research method used a correlational quantitative approach involving 106 fourth and fifth grade students aged 9–11 years at SD Negeri 1 Gentan. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements (height, weight, arm span, sitting height) and biomotor ability tests (flexibility, core muscle strength, coordination). Data analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression using SPSS. The results of the study showed that: (1) Height was significantly correlated with arm span (r = 0.687; p < 0.01) and sitting height (r = 0.434; p < 0.01), but not with biomotor ability; (2) Sit height has a positive relationship with core muscle strength (plank) (r = 0.346; p < 0.01), while arm span has a negative correlation (r = -0.209; p < 0.05); (3) Biomechanical abilities such as flexibility (split) and body rotation (air turn) are significantly correlated (r = 0.775 and r = 0.676; p < 0.01), but are not directly influenced by anthropometric variables. The conclusions of this study indicate that gymnastics potential is more influenced by technical training and flexibility than by body structure, although certain anthropometric variables such as sitting height and arm span play a role in core muscle stability. The implications of this study highlight the importance of combining anthropometric monitoring with structured biomotor training programs for the development of gymnastics potential in elementary school students. Keywords: Anthropometry, Biomotor, Gymnastics, Elementary School, Talent Guidance.

Review

This study offers a valuable contribution to the understanding of talent identification in gymnastics, specifically focusing on elementary school-aged children. The research meticulously investigates the complex interplay between anthropometric variables and biomotor abilities in shaping gymnastics potential, utilizing a quantitative correlational approach. By examining 106 students, the study provides pertinent insights into the physical attributes and motor skills that are crucial for early athletic development. Its central aim to dissect these relationships is commendable, challenging simplistic notions and highlighting the nuanced factors influencing success in this demanding sport. Methodologically, the study is well-structured, employing a comprehensive set of anthropometric measurements (height, weight, arm span, sitting height) and specific biomotor ability tests (flexibility, core muscle strength, coordination), with data analyzed through Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. The findings present a nuanced picture: while height correlated with other anthropometric measures, it did not directly influence biomotor ability. Importantly, the study reveals that core biomechanical abilities, such as flexibility and body rotation, are strong indicators of gymnastics potential, yet appear to be less directly influenced by the measured anthropometric variables themselves. However, the specific roles of sitting height and arm span in contributing to core muscle stability underscore that certain body proportions, while not dictating skill, can provide a foundational advantage. The conclusions drawn from this study underscore the paramount importance of technical training and flexibility over mere body structure in developing gymnastics potential. This shifts the focus for talent guidance towards structured biomotor training programs rather than solely relying on anthropometric selection. For future research, it would be beneficial to expand on the operational definition and direct measurement of "gymnastics potential," which from the abstract appears to be largely inferred. Additionally, longitudinal studies could provide a clearer understanding of how these factors evolve and predict long-term success. Despite these considerations, the study provides a robust framework for refining talent identification strategies, emphasizing a holistic approach that integrates physical monitoring with targeted skill development in young gymnasts.

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