Fatma Nofriza, Dini Hanifa Putri

Pengaruh Intervensi Reflex Integration Program pada Individu dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder : Sebuah Literature Review

Introduction

Pengaruh intervensi reflex integration program pada individu dengan autism spectrum disorder : sebuah literature review. Temukan efektivitas Reflex Integration Program (RIP) untuk Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Tinjauan literatur ini menyoroti peningkatan komunikasi, interaksi sosial, regulasi emosi, dan motorik anak.

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) merupakan gangguan perkembangan yang ditandai dengan kesulitan komunikasi sosial, interaksi, dan sering dikaitkan dengan munculnya Retained Primitive Reflex (RPR). RPR yang tidak terintegrasi dapat menjadi penanda awal ASD, memicu kebutuhan untuk menemukan intervensi yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penerapan Reflex Integration Program (RIP) terhadap anak dan remaja dengan ASD. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan menganalisis delapan jurnal yang relevan, di mana sebagian besar studi menggunakan metode eksperimen pre-test dan post-test dan berfokus pada intervensi Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration (MNRI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RIP memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada berbagai aspek perkembangan anak dengan ASD, meliputi peningkatan interaksi sosial, komunikasi, regulasi emosi, keterampilan motorik, kualitas tidur, dan fleksibilitas perilaku, serta penurunan hiperaktivitas dan agresi. Disimpulkan bahwa RIP berpotensi menjadi opsi terapi yang berharga untuk meningkatkan perkembangan anak ASD, khususnya dalam mengatasi hambatan sosial-komunikasi, dan dapat dikombinasikan dengan intervensi lain.

Review

This literature review, titled "Pengaruh Intervensi Reflex Integration Program pada Individu dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder," offers a pertinent exploration into the potential benefits of Reflex Integration Programs (RIP) for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). By conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of eight relevant journals, with a primary focus on the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration (MNRI) method, the authors aimed to synthesize evidence regarding RIP's impact on children and adolescents with ASD. The findings presented are highly encouraging, suggesting a significant positive influence across various developmental areas, including improvements in social interaction, communication, emotional regulation, motor skills, sleep quality, and behavioral flexibility, alongside reductions in hyperactivity and aggression. This paper effectively consolidates existing data, highlighting RIP as a promising therapeutic direction. A notable strength of this review is its clear articulation of retained primitive reflexes (RPR) as a potential early indicator and contributing factor in ASD, thus establishing a strong theoretical foundation for the intervention. The reported wide array of positive outcomes is particularly compelling, suggesting that RIP may offer a comprehensive approach to mitigating the diverse challenges associated with ASD. By concentrating on studies predominantly employing pre-test/post-test experimental designs, the review underscores the immediate and measurable benefits of these interventions. Furthermore, the specific emphasis on the MNRI program provides a practical focus, pointing to a well-defined therapeutic protocol that could be further explored and implemented in clinical settings. While the review effectively builds a case for the efficacy of RIP, particularly MNRI, it also implicitly underscores areas ripe for further research and more stringent evaluation. The reliance on a relatively modest number of studies (eight journals) for an SLR indicates that the evidence base, though encouraging, is still in its nascent stages and necessitates expansion through more extensive and rigorously designed primary research. Future iterations of such a review would benefit from a more explicit discussion of the methodological quality, potential biases, and specific participant characteristics (e.g., age groups, ASD severity levels) within the included studies to offer a more granular understanding of RIP's generalizability and precise effectiveness. Nevertheless, the overarching conclusion that RIP presents significant potential as a valuable therapeutic adjunct, particularly when integrated with other interventions, provides a strong impetus for both clinical adoption and continued empirical investigation into its long-term impacts and optimal implementation strategies.

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