Achmad Imam Bashori

Problematika Tafsir Sufi dalam Penafsiran Al Qur’an

Introduction

Problematika tafsir sufi dalam penafsiran al qur’an. Mengungkap problematika tafsir sufi dalam penafsiran Al Qur'an, meninjau metodologi, prinsip, serta respon terhadap interpretasi esoteris. Pahami kritik dan kontribusinya.

Abstract

The majority of Quranic scholars consider Quranic interpretation to be synonymous with exoteric interpretation, an interpretation that examines the dzahir aspects of the Quranic verses, even though sometimes the hegemony of exoteric interpretation often becomes an obstacle for other circles or thoughts that have a different perspective, as is the case with Sufi interpretation which specifically examines the messages of the Quran through the esoteric side of the inner meaning of the Quran. This research aims to understand the problems of Sufi interpretation that have been disputed, both in terms of methodology, basic concepts and principles of interpretation. As well as the response and appreciation of the Sufi style of interpretation, as well as its academic and general contribution in addressing the problems of Sufi interpretation. In accordance with the objectives to be achieved, this research method uses a form of qualitative research with the type of library research (library reseacrh), while the descriptive analysis model is used to examine some literature, especially literature related to the study of the interpretation of the Qur'an about the concepts and styles of interpretation of Sufi scholars, along with the response and appreciation of it. This paper briefly produces two important points: First, the explanation of the problems of interpretation that are embedded in Sufi interpretation, including: the orientation of Sufi interpretation with the inner eye (basīrah) which tends to be the interpretation of verses, until it is trapped in the equation of Sufi interpretation with the inner interpretation style (Shi'ah-Ismā'iliyyah tradition), apart from that, the existence of Sufi interpretation is assumed to contradict and even prevent the possibility of the birth of other meanings from the aspect of language (linguistic) and historical dynamics (historical transmission), the tradition of Sufi interpretation is dominated by spiritual inspiration (moral unity), The tradition of Sufi interpretation is dominated by spiritual inspiration (unity of moral, literal, spiritual, and symbolic meaning) so that it does not have a strong methodological basis, the tendency to interpret esoteric verses and ignore the exoteric aspects of the verse, Sufi interpretation is only limited to finding the basic basis of the Qur'anic argumentation to support their thoughts, and suspicion of irregularities in carrying out religious practices that become Sufi rituals (amaliah tasawuf). Second, the explanation of various appreciations and responses along with the arguments against it; ranging from absolute acceptance, acceptance with certain qualifications (conditions and principles), to the stage of complete rejection of Sufi tafsi, so that it requires foresight and sharpness of understanding and classification of Sufi interpretation of Sufi interpretation forms, while still considering its contribution to the interpretation of the Qur'an that cannot be ignored.

Review

This research, titled "Problematika Tafsir Sufi dalam Penafsiran Al Qur’an," addresses a critical area within Islamic scholarship: the challenges and controversies surrounding Sufi interpretations of the Quran. The abstract effectively highlights the tension between the prevailing exoteric approach to Quranic exegesis and the often-marginalized esoteric perspective championed by Sufi traditions. The study's stated aim is comprehensive, seeking to unravel the methodological, conceptual, and principled disputes concerning Sufi interpretation, as well as to document the diverse responses and appreciations it has garnered. Employing a qualitative, library-based methodology with a descriptive analysis model, the research promises a thorough examination of relevant literature, setting a solid foundation for its investigation into this nuanced field. The paper outlines two crucial findings. Firstly, it provides a detailed enumeration of the inherent problems perceived in Sufi interpretation. These include its reliance on the inner eye (basīrah), which can lead to its conflation with the Shi'ah-Ismā'iliyyah tradition, and the assumption that it contradicts linguistic and historical understandings. Further critiques point to a perceived lack of strong methodological grounding due to its domination by spiritual inspiration, a tendency to overlook exoteric dimensions, and the suspicion that Sufi tafsir merely seeks Quranic support for pre-existing Sufi doctrines and practices. Secondly, the research elucidates the spectrum of scholarly and general responses to Sufi interpretation, ranging from absolute acceptance to qualified acceptance, and even outright rejection, along with the arguments underpinning each stance. In conclusion, this research offers a valuable and timely contribution to the discourse on Quranic exegesis by systematically mapping the 'problematika' of Sufi interpretation. The abstract effectively conveys the study's depth in dissecting the various criticisms and methodological concerns, while also acknowledging the diverse reception of Sufi tafsir. The emphasis on the need for "foresight and sharpness of understanding and classification" of different forms of Sufi interpretation, alongside a recognition of its undeniable contribution to the broader field of Quranic studies, underscores a balanced and nuanced perspective. This work is poised to provide a clearer framework for understanding, evaluating, and ultimately appreciating the complex legacy of Sufi approaches to the Quran.

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