Mohammad Rizqi, Ani Syafriati, Suryani

PENERAPAN RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM DAN TERAPI MUSIK UNTUK MENGURANGI KECEMASAN PASIEN PRE-OPERASI

Introduction

Penerapan relaksasi nafas dalam dan terapi musik untuk mengurangi kecemasan pasien pre-operasi . Studi ini menunjukkan kombinasi relaksasi napas dalam dan terapi musik efektif menurunkan kecemasan pasien pre-operasi. Sebuah intervensi nonfarmakologis yang mudah diterapkan perawat.

Abstract

Kecemasan pre-operasi merupakan masalah psikologis yang sering dialami pasien sebelum tindakan pembedahan dan dapat memengaruhi kondisi fisiologis serta hasil operasi. Salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologis yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan kecemasan adalah relaksasi napas dalam dan terapi musik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan kombinasi relaksasi napas dalam dan terapi musik terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien pre-operasi di ruang Instalasi Bedah Sentral RS Indriati Solo Baru. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus deskriptif pada empat pasien yang akan menjalani tindakan pembedahan. Tingkat kecemasan diukur menggunakan Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Intervensi diberikan selama kurang lebih 10 menit dengan memadukan teknik relaksasi napas dalam dan terapi musik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan seluruh responden mengalami penurunan tingkat kecemasan dari kategori sedang dengan rata-rata skor 22,5 menjadi kategori ringan dengan rata-rata 12,5 setelah intervensi. Kombinasi relaksasi napas dalam dan terapi musik memberikan efek relaksasi, meningkatkan rasa nyaman, serta membantu pasien lebih tenang sebelum menjalani pembedahan. Intervensi ini mudah diterapkan dan dapat digunakan sebagai tindakan mandiri perawat dalam menurunkan kecemasan pasien pre-operasi.

Review

This study addresses a highly pertinent issue in healthcare, namely pre-operative anxiety, which significantly impacts patient outcomes. The chosen non-pharmacological interventions, deep breathing relaxation and music therapy, are well-established for their anxiolytic properties, and their combined application presents an interesting approach to enhance patient comfort. The research clearly states its objective to evaluate the effect of this combined intervention on pre-operative anxiety levels, utilizing a descriptive case study design with a small cohort of four patients. The focus on practical, easily implementable interventions makes this study relevant for clinical nursing practice. A key strength of this research lies in its clear methodology for measuring anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) before and after the intervention. The reported findings are compelling: a consistent reduction in anxiety levels across all participants, moving from a moderate category (average HARS score of 22.5) to a mild category (average HARS score of 12.5) after a brief 10-minute intervention. This significant decrease underscores the potential efficacy of combining deep breathing relaxation and music therapy to induce relaxation and comfort in pre-operative patients. The study effectively highlights the ease of application, positioning this intervention as a valuable and independent nursing action to mitigate patient distress. While the preliminary results are promising and suggest a beneficial impact, the study's design as a descriptive case study with a very small sample size (n=4) inherently limits the generalizability of its findings. The absence of a control group also prevents definitive attribution of the observed anxiety reduction solely to the intervention, as other factors or the natural course of pre-operative preparation could play a role. For future research, it would be highly beneficial to conduct larger-scale studies with randomized controlled designs, including a control group, and potentially incorporating objective physiological measures (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol levels) alongside subjective anxiety scales. Despite these limitations, this study provides valuable preliminary evidence supporting the utility of deep breathing relaxation and music therapy for managing pre-operative anxiety.

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