Helda Resky Ananda, Suriana Dwi Sartika, Rahmawati Thamrin

Hal-Hal Yang Ada Hubungan Dengan Kanker Prostat Pada Penderita di Beberapa Lokasi Di Wilayah Asia, Amerika dan Eropa Pada Periode Tahun 2014 Sampai Dengan Tahun 2021

Introduction

Hal-hal yang ada hubungan dengan kanker prostat pada penderita di beberapa lokasi di wilayah asia, amerika dan eropa pada periode tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2021. Temukan hubungan signifikan kanker prostat dengan usia, riwayat keluarga, dan merokok pada penderita di Asia, Amerika, Eropa periode 2014-2021.

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a malignant disease of the urogenital system originating from the prostate organ that attacks men and almost all prostate cancers originate from glandular cells, known as prostate adenocarcinoma.The purpose of this study was to find out things that have to do with the occurrence of prostate cancer in men in several locations in Asia, America and Europe for the period 2014 to 2021.The research method is an analytical research by synthesizing the results obtained from nine scientific research journals with a case control design.The results of the nine studies analyzed showed that there are things that have a relationship with the occurrence of prostate cancer in several locations in the Asia-Africa region, namely there is a significant relationship between age (p value 0.000), family history (p value 0.037), smoking (p value 0.000), and there was no significant relationship between nutritional status (p value 0.701), alcohol history (p value 0.614) on the incidence of prostate cancer in men. The conclusion is that the incidence of prostate cancer in men in several locations in Asia, America and Europe for the period 2014 to 2021 has a significant relationship with age, family history and smoking, and has no significant relationship with nutritional status and alcohol history

Review

This paper, titled "Hal-Hal Yang Ada Hubungan Dengan Kanker Prostat Pada Penderita di Beberapa Lokasi Di Wilayah Asia, Amerika dan Eropa Pada Periode Tahun 2014 Sampai Dengan Tahun 2021," investigates factors associated with prostate cancer across a broad geographical scope (Asia, America, and Europe) and a specific timeframe (2014-2021). The authors aimed to synthesize findings from existing literature, employing an analytical research method based on nine case-control studies. The study concludes that age, family history, and smoking show a significant relationship with prostate cancer incidence, while nutritional status and alcohol history do not. This effort to consolidate evidence from diverse regions on a prevalent male malignancy is a valuable undertaking, providing a snapshot of potential risk factors during the specified period. While the premise of synthesizing research is commendable, several areas require significant clarification and improvement. Firstly, the methodology described as "analytical research by synthesizing the results obtained from nine scientific research journals with a case control design" lacks the necessary detail for a robust review. It is unclear whether this constitutes a systematic review or a meta-analysis, and standard reporting guidelines (e.g., PRISMA) are not mentioned. Critical information regarding search strategy, selection criteria for the nine journals, quality assessment of included studies, and data extraction methods is absent. Secondly, there is a significant inconsistency in the geographical scope; the title and objective state "Asia, America and Europe," but the results section introduces the "Asia-Africa region," which is confusing and requires correction. Furthermore, while p-values are reported, the absence of effect sizes (such as Odds Ratios or Relative Risks) and their corresponding confidence intervals significantly limits the interpretability and clinical relevance of the findings. The informal phrasing "things that have to do with" should also be replaced with more precise scientific terminology like "factors associated with" or "risk factors for." In conclusion, this study addresses a highly relevant topic by attempting to consolidate evidence on prostate cancer risk factors across continents. However, the abstract reveals substantial methodological gaps and reporting inconsistencies that would need to be addressed in the full manuscript. To enhance its scientific rigor and impact, the authors should clearly delineate their synthesis methodology (e.g., systematic review protocol), harmonize the stated geographical scope, provide comprehensive statistical data including effect sizes, and refine their academic language. Addressing these points would transform a preliminary synthesis into a more robust and publishable contribution, offering clearer insights into the global epidemiology of prostate cancer.

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