Yanti Sunaidi, Sulfiani, Sefhia Purnama Dita, Muhammad Ihza Lisan Shidqi, Eleventi Oktarina Putri, Antoni Aldo Danendra Sawal

Gambaran Indeks Aterogenik Plasma Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus

Introduction

Gambaran indeks aterogenik plasma pada penderita diabetes melitus. Studi Indeks Aterogenik Plasma (AIP) pada penderita Diabetes Melitus menunjukkan sebagian besar pasien berisiko tinggi penyakit kardiovaskular. Pahami hubungan DM & jantung.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to abnormalities in insulin secretion or insulin resistance. This condition increases the risk of cardiovascular disease by triggering dyslipidemia, which is marked by elevated cholesterol, increased levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), increased triglycerides, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood. Dyslipidemia in diabetic patients is associated with a higher Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), which plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis, a key factor in cardiovascular disease. The logarithmic ratio of triglycerides to HDL can be used to determine the AIP, which serves as a marker for assessing atherogenicity and the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to predict cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus through the evaluation of AIP values. The research was descriptive, involving 32 subjects selected using purposive sampling, and conducted at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi. Based on the results of 32 subjects: 0 subjects (0%) were categorized as having low cardiovascular risk AIP, with an average value of 0; 1 subject (3%) was in the moderate risk category, with an average AIP of 0.19; 31 subjects (97%) were in the high cardiovascular risk category, with an average AIP of 0.82. These findings indicate that most diabetic patients tend to have a high-risk cardiovascular disease, compared to moderate or low-risk categories.

Review

This descriptive study, titled "Gambaran Indeks Aterogenik Plasma Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus," effectively investigates the critical link between diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by examining the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP). Diabetes is well-established as a major metabolic disorder that significantly elevates the likelihood of cardiovascular complications, primarily driven by dyslipidemia. The authors correctly identify AIP, calculated as the logarithmic ratio of triglycerides to HDL, as a robust and practical marker for assessing atherogenicity and predicting CVD risk in these vulnerable patients. The primary aim of this research was to predict cardiovascular disease risk in diabetic patients through the evaluation of their AIP values. Employing a descriptive research design, the study enrolled 32 subjects through purposive sampling at Dr. Tadjuddin Chalid General Hospital in Makassar, South Sulawesi. The methodology focused on calculating individual AIP values and categorizing them into established risk profiles. The findings revealed a striking distribution of cardiovascular risk among the cohort: an overwhelming majority, 31 subjects (97%), fell into the high cardiovascular risk category with an average AIP of 0.82. Only one subject (3%) was classified under moderate risk (average AIP 0.19), while no subjects (0%) were found to be in the low-risk category. The results strongly indicate that a significant proportion of diabetic patients in this cohort face a high risk of cardiovascular disease, underscoring the severe and prevalent atherogenic burden associated with diabetes. This study effectively highlights the utility of AIP as an accessible and powerful tool for early risk stratification in clinical settings, particularly in environments where advanced diagnostics might be limited. While the descriptive nature and relatively small sample size (32 subjects) limit the generalizability and inferential power, the findings provide a compelling snapshot of the cardiovascular risk profile among diabetic patients in the study region. Future research could expand upon these findings with larger cohorts, explore longitudinal associations, and investigate specific interventions tailored to mitigate this identified high risk.

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