Empobrecimento de traços e recategorização em clíticos originalmente de 3a pessoa do português brasileiro. Estudo nanossintático investiga empobrecimento de traços e recategorização dos clíticos 'se' e 'lhe' no português brasileiro, analisando suas mudanças de caso e pessoa.
De um ponto de vista nanossintático, este trabalho examina o comportamento de clíticos originalmente da 3a pessoa – se e lhe, em mais profundidade, e o clítico o. Bem descritos em trabalhos sobre as mudanças pronominais brasileiras, os clíticos se e lhe têm duas características principais, relacionadas à marcação de Caso e à distribuição de pessoas do discurso, que fomentam esta análise. Em termos de Caso, os clíticos se e lhe perderam a possibilidade de serem licenciados como genitivo e dativo de 3ap. no português coloquial, estando confinados, atualmente, à realização do Caso acusativo. Curiosamente, os clíticos lhe e se são (também) usados para referência à 2a pessoa. Fazendo uso de hierarquias nanossintáticas, mostramos que essas duas características estão relacionadas e resultam de um rearranjo de traços desses dois clíticos. Logo, este trabalho contribui para o entendimento de como pequenas mudanças morfossintáticas podem ter largo impacto no arranjo pronominal de uma língua.
This paper presents an insightful nanosyntactic analysis of the intriguing behavior of 3rd person clitics, particularly *se* and *lhe*, in Brazilian Portuguese. The authors adeptly connect two well-known phenomena – the restriction of these clitics to accusative case and their expanded use for 2nd person reference – positing that these are not independent developments but rather consequences of a systematic rearrangement and impoverishment of their morphosyntactic features. The work offers a coherent theoretical account for these complex pronominal shifts, contributing significantly to our understanding of language change within a rigorous formal framework. A major strength of this study lies in its application of nanosyntax, which provides a detailed and granular framework to model the proposed feature impoverishment and subsequent recategorization. By demonstrating how the loss of specific case features (genitive/dative for 3rd person) directly correlates with the extension of these clitics to 2nd person contexts, the paper offers a compelling and unified explanation for phenomena often discussed separately in the literature on Brazilian Portuguese pronominal changes. The clarity with which the nanossyntactic hierarchies are employed to illustrate these transformations is particularly commendable, making a strong case for the interrelation of seemingly disparate morphosyntactic shifts. This approach not only explains the observed data but also provides a predictive model for similar changes. While the analysis is robust for *se* and *lhe*, a more extensive discussion of the clitic *o*, briefly mentioned in the abstract, could further solidify the proposed nanosyntactic mechanisms across the 3rd person clitic paradigm. Furthermore, while the paper effectively establishes a synchronic correlation, a brief consideration of the diachronic path or the precise triggers for the initial feature impoverishment, even if speculative, could enrich the discussion on the broader implications for language evolution. Exploring potential counter-examples or nuances in dialectal variation within Brazilian Portuguese could also add depth. Nevertheless, these are minor points for refinement rather than fundamental criticisms, and the paper undoubtedly provides a valuable theoretical contribution that opens promising avenues for future research into the micro-processes of morphosyntactic change.
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