Helder Thiago Maia, André Luis Pereira Vellanos

Distância e erudição em o narrador de A fome, de Rodolfo Teófilo

Introduction

Distância e erudição em o narrador de a fome, de rodolfo teófilo. Análise do distanciamento e erudição do narrador em 'A fome' de Rodolfo Teófilo. Aborda representação de classes, invisibilidade dos pobres e linguagem elitista.

Abstract

O presente artigo analisa o processo de distanciamento construído pelo narrador do romance A fome ([1890] 2011), de Rodolfo Teófilo. Para isso, examinamos a construção de apagamento da camada pobre no plano da intriga, a homogeneização e massificação da parcela de desvalidos no segundo plano da narrativa, bem como a heroicização, segundo os moldes europeu, da personagem Manuel de Freitas, descendente de família de posses, no primeiro plano da narrativa. Ademais, analisamos que o narrador lança mão do emprego, no discurso indireto, de linguagem cientificista e referências clássicas à mitologia grega com pretensão de ostentar ilustração e reiterar o seu lugar de classe, pequeno-burguês, em comparação com a classe de “desvalidos”.

Review

This article proposes a compelling analysis of Rodolfo Teófilo's *A fome*, focusing specifically on the narrative strategies employed by its narrator to construct a sense of distance and to project an image of erudition. The central argument posits that the narrator actively manipulates the depiction of social classes within the novel, notably through the marginalization and homogenization of the poor and the simultaneous heroicization of the upper-class character, Manuel de Freitas, in accordance with European literary conventions. This approach offers a fresh perspective on a significant work of Brazilian literature, moving beyond plot summary to delve into the ideological underpinnings of its narrative voice. The methodology outlined appears robust and well-defined. The examination of the "erasure of the poor" from the main intrigue and their subsequent "homogenization and massification" in the narrative's background promises a nuanced critique of the narrator's social gaze. Particularly insightful is the focus on the narrator's use of "scientific" language and classical Greek mythological references within indirect discourse. The abstract suggests that these elements serve not merely as stylistic choices, but as deliberate attempts to "ostentar ilustração" (display erudition) and to reinforce the narrator's own "petit-bourgeois" class identity, contrasting it with the "desvalidos" (destitute). This analytical framework effectively connects narrative technique with socio-economic positioning, revealing how literary style can be a tool for class differentiation. Overall, the abstract strongly indicates that this article will make a valuable contribution to studies of 19th-century Brazilian literature, narrative theory, and the sociology of literature. By meticulously dissecting how narrative distance and scholarly affectations are deployed to reflect and reinforce class distinctions, the research offers a critical lens through which to understand not only Teófilo's novel but also broader cultural and ideological currents of the period. This insightful exploration of the narrator's self-positioning and its impact on the portrayal of social reality promises to be a significant and thought-provoking intervention in the field.

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