Lora Purnamasari

Cytotoxicity Test of Ethyl Acetate Fraction and Ethanol Fraction of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya. L) Against Hep-2 Laryngeal Cancer Cells

Introduction

Cytotoxicity test of ethyl acetate fraction and ethanol fraction of papaya leaf extract (carica papaya. L) against hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells. Discover the cytotoxic effects of papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.) ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions on Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells, showing strong anti-cancer potential.

Abstract

Papaya leaves as a medicine for fever, malaria, increased appetite, constipation, and anti- cancer. In the previous study using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) ethanol extract of papaya leaf had an LC50 value of 23.73 mg/ml. This suggests that the papaya leaves are a compound, which uses 70% ethanol extract of papaya leaves and has cytotoxic potential. Research objectives: This research aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol and ethyl acetate fraction of 70 % ethanol extract of papaya leaf against Hep-2 cells. Performed in vitro by direct calculation method (viable cell count) so its LC50 is known. Ethanol and ethyl acetate fraction of papaya leaf extract as a test solution was made in 5 concentrations, with concentrations of 20.93; 16.26; 12.64; 9.82, and 7.63 µg/ml. Result: The results obtained LC50 ethanol fraction of 11.2616 μg/ml and the ethyl acetate fraction of LC50 12.4of 882 μg/ml. Conclusion: Based on this it can be concluded that the fraction of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of papaya (Carica papaya L.) have cytotoxic properties against Hep-2 cells in a range that goes very, very toxic ie 5-50 µg/ml and has the potential to be developed as an anticancer drug.

Review

The study "Cytotoxicity Test of Ethyl Acetate Fraction and Ethanol Fraction of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya. L) Against Hep-2 Laryngeal Cancer Cells" investigates the potential anticancer properties of *Carica papaya* L. leaves, a plant traditionally used for various ailments. Given the continuous search for natural product-derived therapeutics, this research addresses a highly relevant area. The authors aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions of a 70% ethanol extract of papaya leaf against Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells *in vitro*. The core finding, indicating that both fractions exhibit significant cytotoxic activity with LC50 values in the low microgram per milliliter range, highlights a promising avenue for potential drug discovery in anticancer research. Methodologically, the study utilized an *in vitro* direct cell count method to quantify LC50 values, a standard and appropriate initial approach for cytotoxicity screening. The mention of a previous Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) provides some preliminary context for the general cytotoxic potential of papaya leaf extract. However, the abstract lacks crucial details regarding the precise methodology for preparing the 70% ethanol extract and, more importantly, the subsequent fractionation process into the tested ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions. This absence limits reproducibility. Furthermore, while LC50 values are presented, the abstract does not provide information on the use of positive or negative controls, the statistical analysis performed, or any discussion regarding the selectivity of these fractions towards cancer cells versus normal cells. The concluding statement regarding the "very, very toxic ie 5-50 µg/ml" range, while giving numerical context, could be phrased more rigorously in a scientific report. To build upon these promising initial results, several important next steps are essential. Future research should prioritize the isolation and comprehensive characterization of the specific bioactive compounds responsible for the observed cytotoxicity within both the ethanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Elucidating the underlying mechanism of action (e.g., induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, or inhibition of specific proliferation pathways) would be crucial for understanding their therapeutic potential. Furthermore, rigorous testing for selectivity against non-cancerous cell lines is critical to assess the therapeutic index and minimize potential side effects. Ultimately, successful translation would require *in vivo* studies in appropriate animal models to evaluate efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and overall safety profiles. Despite the need for further detailed investigation, this preliminary work provides a valuable contribution to the field of natural product drug discovery and warrants further scientific exploration.

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