Nastassja Virginia Pongantung, Priskila Bernita Rottie

Analisis Deskriptif Dan Komparatif: Pembiayaan UMKM Melalui Fintech Vs Perbankan Konvensional Di Indonesia (2019-2023)

Introduction

Analisis deskriptif dan komparatif: pembiayaan umkm melalui fintech vs perbankan konvensional di indonesia (2019-2023). Analisis komparatif pembiayaan UMKM via fintech vs. perbankan konvensional di Indonesia 2019-2023. Fintech melengkapi, perbankan dominan. Sinergi krusial untuk inklusi keuangan.

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis posisi relatif pembiayaan UMKM melalui fintech dan perbankan konvensional di Indonesia pada 2019-2023, mencakup pra-pandemi, pandemi, dan pemulihan. Topik ini penting karena kesenjangan pembiayaan UMKM masih tinggi sementara fintech tumbuh cepat dan berpotensi melengkapi layanan perbankan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif-komparatif berbasis data sekunder dari OJK, BI, BPS, dan publikasi resmi. Hasil menunjukkan outstanding pembiayaan UMKM fintech meningkat signifikan, sedangkan kredit UMKM perbankan sempat melemah pada 2020-2022 dan pulih pada 2023. Porsi fintech terhadap total pembiayaan naik, namun perbankan tetap dominan. Indikator risiko agregat relatif terjaga: TWP90 fintech terkendali dan NPL UMKM perbankan berada pada rentang moderat meski keduanya naik pada awal pandemi. Temuan ini menegaskan peran fintech sebagai komplementer, bukan substitusi, bagi perbankan dalam memperluas inklusi keuangan UMKM. Kesimpulannya, sinergi bank-fintech, pemanfaatan alternative data, dan penguatan perlindungan konsumen krusial untuk mempersempit financing gap tanpa mengorbankan kualitas portofolio. Kata Kunci—fintech; perbankan; pembiayaan; inklusi keuangan

Review

This paper presents a timely and relevant analysis of MSME financing trends in Indonesia, meticulously comparing the roles of fintech and conventional banking sectors between 2019 and 2023. The study's focus on this specific period, encompassing pre-pandemic, pandemic, and recovery phases, offers valuable insights into the resilience and adaptability of financial providers amidst dynamic economic conditions. The research addresses a critical issue given Indonesia's significant MSME financing gap and the burgeoning growth of fintech, positing its potential to enhance rather than merely replace traditional banking services for this vital economic segment. Employing a quantitative descriptive-comparative approach, the authors leverage a robust dataset compiled from reputable sources such as OJK, BI, BPS, and official publications. The findings reveal a clear divergence in performance: fintech's outstanding MSME financing experienced remarkable growth, progressively increasing its share of the total market. In contrast, conventional banking's MSME credit initially suffered a setback during 2020-2022 but demonstrated a strong recovery in 2023, ultimately retaining its dominant market position. Crucially, the study also assesses aggregate risk indicators, noting that both fintech's TWP90 and banking's NPLs remained relatively controlled, despite an initial uptick at the onset of the pandemic. The most significant contribution of this research lies in its conclusive assertion that fintech serves as a complementary force, rather than a direct substitute, for conventional banking in expanding financial inclusion for MSMEs. This nuanced understanding is vital for policymakers and industry stakeholders. The paper effectively translates its findings into practical recommendations, advocating for enhanced bank-fintech synergy, leveraging alternative data for credit assessment, and strengthening consumer protection mechanisms. These measures are identified as crucial for narrowing the financing gap while simultaneously safeguarding portfolio quality, underscoring the study's relevance for fostering sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.

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