Subhan A. Gani, Cut Ita Erliana, Julia Diyanti Lia

a Designing Ergonomic Seating for Stone Bara Songket Woven Fabric Craftsmen as an Effort to Reduce Mosculeskeletal Complaints Using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (Reba) at Umkm Rumah Songket Maisyarah

Introduction

A designing ergonomic seating for stone bara songket woven fabric craftsmen as an effort to reduce mosculeskeletal complaints using rapid entire body assessment (reba) at umkm rumah songket maisyarah. Reduce musculoskeletal complaints among Stone Bara songket weavers. This study uses REBA to design ergonomic seating for UMKM Rumah Songket Maisyarah, improving craftsmen's health.

Abstract

UMKM Rumah Songket Maisyarah is one of the micro, small, and medium enterprises in the field of songket weaving. The process of making songket fabric still uses Alat Tenun Bukan Mesin (ATBM) with seating consisting of simple boards without cushions or backrests. The weavers for 8 hours a day in a sitting posture. Based on the results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire distribution, it was found that the weavers complained of pain in the back, shoulders, waist, buttocks, thighs, and calves. If this is left untreated for a long time, it will result in weavers suffering from musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this research is to assess the work posture and propose an ergonomic seating arrangement for weavers to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The method used in this research is Rapid Entire Body Assessment. The results of the posture assessment show that the weavers are at a high level of musculoskeletal risk. The researchers proposed the design of a songket weaving seat that aligns with the anthropometric data of the weavers, with a seat height of 47.1 cm, a seat depth of 48.65 cm, a seat length of 100 cm, a backrest height of 59.9 cm, a backrest length of 100 cm; and seat and backrest thickness of 4 cm. It is hoped that this proposal can reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among songket weavers in Batu Bara.

Review

This paper presents a highly relevant and practical investigation into occupational health issues faced by traditional songket weavers at UMKM Rumah Songket Maisyarah. The authors accurately pinpoint a critical problem: prolonged static sitting on inadequate seating (simple boards without cushioning or backrests) for 8 hours daily, leading to widespread musculoskeletal complaints. The objective to assess current work postures and propose an ergonomically designed seating arrangement to mitigate these risks is both timely and essential for enhancing the well-being and sustainability of these valuable craftsmen. The methodology employed is sound and appropriate for the stated objectives. The research began with the distribution of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, which effectively identified specific pain areas including the back, shoulders, waist, buttocks, thighs, and calves, thereby establishing a clear picture of the weavers' discomfort. This was followed by a quantitative assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), which confirmed that the weavers operate at a high level of musculoskeletal risk. The study's culmination is a data-driven proposal for an ergonomic seat, providing precise dimensions (seat height 47.1 cm, depth 48.65 cm, length 100 cm, backrest height 59.9 cm, backrest length 100 cm, and seat/backrest thickness 4 cm) carefully aligned with the weavers' anthropometric data. The study's primary strength lies in its direct applicability and the provision of a concrete, anthropometry-based solution to an identified occupational health hazard within a traditional craft setting. By offering specific design parameters, the paper lays a strong foundation for improving working conditions, potentially reducing musculoskeletal disorders, and thereby enhancing the quality of life and productivity of songket weavers. While the abstract clearly outlines the proposed design, future research would ideally involve the actual prototyping, implementation, and subsequent validation of this design through user testing and post-implementation re-assessment of musculoskeletal complaints to confirm its effectiveness in a real-world scenario.

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