Suyanto Suyanto, Sri Lestari Dwi Astuti

Validity and User Satisfaction of Educational Applications for Preventive Care of Diabetic Foot Wounds: A Study in Elderly Diabetes Sufferers

Introduction

Validity and user satisfaction of educational applications for preventive care of diabetic foot wounds: a study in elderly diabetes sufferers . Evaluate "Rawat Kaki," an educational smartphone app for elderly diabetes sufferers, showing high validity and user satisfaction for diabetic foot wound prevention.

Abstract

Background: Education on using smartphone applications among the elderly to prevent diabetic foot wounds is still limited. Especially if someone pays attention to the limitations of older people with diabetes, such as their lack of mastery in using smartphones, an educational application for preventing diabetic foot wounds, named Rawat Kaki, has been developed by considering various aspects that make it easier for older people to use. This application must be tested for validity and evaluated to obtain an overview of the satisfaction of its users. Methods: The design of this study was exploratory quantitative to see the validity of the application and respondent satisfaction using the Rawat Kaki App. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 140 respondents from the population of Persadia (Indonesian Diabetes Association) members at the RSUD: Surakarta City, Sragen, Salatiga, Klaten Islamic Hospital, and PrambananSleman Yogyakarta Hospital. Five diabetes experts in the medical and nursing fields conduct content validity. Furthermore, respondents tested it three times to measure their satisfaction using the EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction) questionnaire. Results: The content validity test obtained a value of 1.02 and an alpha Cronbach reliability value of 0.765, so the Rawat Kaki application was declared feasible. Then, the data is collected through a regression test, obtaining an R-value of 0.689, which means 68.9% of application user satisfaction can be explained through the Rawat Kaki application. Conclusion: The high validity and satisfaction of respondents might be a reason to consider using this educational application.

Review

This study introduces "Rawat Kaki," an educational smartphone application designed to assist elderly diabetes sufferers in preventing diabetic foot wounds, a critical and underserved area given the limited smartphone mastery among this demographic. The authors aimed to assess the application's validity and user satisfaction. The findings indicate promising results, with the application achieving a content validity value of 1.02 (with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.765), declaring it "feasible." Furthermore, the study reports that 68.9% of user satisfaction could be explained by the application, suggesting a high level of acceptance among its target users. The focus on developing a user-friendly tool tailored for the elderly, combined with positive validity and satisfaction outcomes, highlights the potential of Rawat Kaki to contribute significantly to preventive diabetic care education. While the study presents encouraging initial findings, several methodological aspects warrant further clarification and refinement. The content validity score of 1.02 is unusual, as standard Content Validity Index (CVI) metrics typically range from 0 to 1; a clear explanation of its calculation would enhance transparency. The description of satisfaction measurement—"respondents tested it three times"—is ambiguous; it is unclear if this refers to repeated measures of satisfaction over time or merely multiple interaction points before a single satisfaction assessment. Crucially, the regression analysis reporting an "R-value of 0.689, which means 68.9% of application user satisfaction can be explained through the Rawat Kaki application," seems to conflate the R-value (correlation coefficient) with R-squared (coefficient of determination), which represents the proportion of variance explained. Clarifying whether this is indeed R-squared and specifying the independent variables in the regression would strengthen the interpretation of user satisfaction. Additionally, the study, being exploratory and quantitative, does not include a control group, limiting the ability to compare the app's impact against traditional education or no intervention. Despite these points, the study lays a valuable foundation for the Rawat Kaki application. Future research should address the aforementioned methodological ambiguities by providing more detailed descriptions of the validity metric and the regression model. A subsequent critical step would be to conduct a randomized controlled trial to rigorously evaluate the *effectiveness* of the Rawat Kaki application in improving self-care behaviors and ultimately reducing the incidence of diabetic foot wounds in the elderly. Exploring the long-term sustainability of app use, retention rates, and the potential impact of various demographic or technological literacy factors on satisfaction and adherence would also provide deeper insights. Overall, this study offers a compelling starting point for integrating mobile health technology into diabetic foot wound prevention, particularly for vulnerable elderly populations.

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