Dewi Asri Puananndini, Aldi Satya Putranto, Mustafid Mustafid, Indah Thalita

Urgensi Regulasi Khusus untuk Perlindungan Data Genomik di Indonesia: Studi Perbandingan dengan GDPR dan Australian Privacy Act.

Introduction

Urgensi regulasi khusus untuk perlindungan data genomik di indonesia: studi perbandingan dengan gdpr dan australian privacy act.. Menganalisis urgensi regulasi perlindungan data genomik di Indonesia. Bandingkan UU PDP dengan GDPR & Australian Privacy Act, rekomendasikan ketentuan privasi lebih kuat.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of specific regulations for genomic data protection in Indonesia using a normative juridical approach and a comparative legal method with the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Australian Privacy Act. Genomic data has unique characteristics that distinguish it from other personal data, requiring stricter legal protection. The analysis examines Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Law (Law No. 27 of 2022) to identify regulatory weaknesses in ownership rights, informed consent mechanisms, data security, and cross-border data transfers. The findings reveal that Indonesia lacks explicit provisions recognizing genomic data as a special category requiring higher protection standards. Referring to best practices from the GDPR and the Australian Privacy Act, this study recommends establishing specific regulations covering data ownership protection, strengthening consent mechanisms, and enhancing oversight of genomic data security and transfers. Implementing stricter regulations is expected to safeguard individual privacy while supporting research and innovation in healthcare and biotechnology.

Review

This study critically examines the pressing need for specialized legal frameworks governing genomic data protection in Indonesia, employing a normative juridical approach alongside a comparative legal analysis. The authors appropriately highlight the unique and sensitive nature of genomic information, which fundamentally differentiates it from other forms of personal data and thus necessitates a heightened standard of legal protection. By benchmarking Indonesia’s Personal Data Protection Law (Law No. 27 of 2022) against established international instruments like the European Union’s GDPR and the Australian Privacy Act, the research sets out to identify critical gaps and urgent areas for regulatory reform, addressing a highly pertinent and evolving area of law. The core of the analysis effectively reveals significant shortcomings in Indonesia's existing data protection landscape concerning genomic information. The study meticulously identifies regulatory weaknesses across crucial domains, including the recognition of ownership rights over genomic data, the robustness of informed consent mechanisms, the adequacy of data security protocols, and the oversight of cross-border data transfers. A key finding underscores that the current Indonesian law lacks explicit provisions that categorize genomic data as a special class demanding higher protection standards, thereby exposing individuals to potential privacy risks and hindering the secure development of genomic research and application within the country. Drawing valuable insights from the best practices embodied in the GDPR and the Australian Privacy Act, the study culminates in a set of actionable recommendations for establishing specific regulations tailored to genomic data. These recommendations focus on enhancing data ownership protection, fortifying consent frameworks to ensure true autonomy, and strengthening oversight mechanisms for genomic data security and international transfers. The research effectively articulates how such stricter regulations are not only crucial for safeguarding individual privacy but also instrumental in fostering a secure environment for research and innovation in the burgeoning fields of healthcare and biotechnology, thereby offering a significant contribution to legal discourse and policy development in Indonesia.

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