Aria Nurahman Hendra Kusuma, Dwi Pudjonarko , Untung Sujianto

The Influence of Spiritual Care with Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory Approach on Serotonin Levels in Ischemic Stroke Patients

Introduction

The influence of spiritual care with callista roy's adaptation theory approach on serotonin levels in ischemic stroke patients. Discover how spiritual care, applying Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory, significantly increases serotonin levels in ischemic stroke patients, potentially reducing anxiety.

Abstract

Background: Ischemic stroke causes physical disability, which can result in an inability to adapt, causing a 72% decrease in serotonin. Decreased serotonin can cause mood changes that adversely impact stroke outcomes. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of spiritual care using Callista Roy's adaptation theory approach on serotonin levels in Ischemic Stroke Patients. Methods: The type of research is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of the study was outpatients of ischemic stroke patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. The sample size was 60 respondents consisting of 30 respondents in the control group and 30 respondents in the intervention group. The intervention group was given a spiritual care intervention by the researcher consisting of 5 sessions each meeting with a duration of 30 minutes. The spiritual care intervention was given once a week 12 times for 3 months and the control group was given standard spiritual therapy by the outpatient nurse at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Serotonin examination using ELISA kit. Data analysis using independent sample t-test. Results: There is an influence of spiritual care with the Callista Roy theory approach on the serotonin levels of ischemic stroke patients with a significance of 0.001 (p value <0.05). Conclusion: Spiritual care interventions with Callista Roy's theoretical approach have a significant influence on improving serotonin levels in ischemic stroke patients, which can reduce anxiety. It is recommended that ischemic stroke patients be given spiritual care 12 times for 3 months.

Review

This study presents a timely and relevant investigation into the impact of spiritual care, underpinned by Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory, on a crucial biological marker in ischemic stroke patients. The authors adeptly highlight a significant clinical problem—decreased serotonin levels and subsequent mood changes following stroke-induced disability—and propose a targeted intervention. The clear objective to determine the effect of this specific spiritual care approach on serotonin levels is well-articulated, establishing a strong foundation for the research. The theoretical framework integrating Roy's adaptation theory into spiritual care provides a valuable conceptual lens, enriching the understanding of how such interventions might physiologically support patient recovery. The methodology employed, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, is appropriate for evaluating an intervention in a clinical setting. The sample size of 60 respondents, equally distributed between intervention and control groups, offers reasonable statistical power. A notable strength is the objective measurement of serotonin levels using an ELISA kit, which provides robust biochemical evidence rather than solely relying on subjective psychological assessments. The detailed description of the intervention's duration and frequency (5 sessions, 30 minutes each, once a week for 12 weeks/3 months) allows for replicability. Furthermore, the inclusion of a control group receiving "standard spiritual therapy" offers a practical comparison, indicating a comparison between two forms of spiritual support rather than spiritual care versus no care, which is a realistic scenario in many clinical environments. The findings demonstrating a significant influence of the spiritual care intervention on serotonin levels (p=0.001) are compelling and clinically important. This suggests that the structured approach, integrated with Callista Roy's framework, provides superior benefits compared to standard care. The conclusion that spiritual care can significantly improve serotonin levels in ischemic stroke patients, thereby potentially reducing anxiety, is a strong takeaway. While anxiety itself was inferred and not directly measured as a primary outcome in the methods described, the link between serotonin and mood regulation is well-established, making this a plausible extension. The recommendation to implement this specific spiritual care intervention for 12 sessions over three months for ischemic stroke patients is a valuable practical guideline for clinical practice. Further research could explore the long-term sustainability of these serotonin improvements and directly assess psychological outcomes like anxiety and depression alongside biochemical changes.

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