Paulo Henrique Dias Quinderé , Bárbara Lobo Paz , Francisco Pablo Huascar Aragão Pinheiro , Rodrigo da Silva Maia , Esthela Sá Cunha

Psicologia e uso de drogas

Introduction

Psicologia e uso de drogas. Explore como a Psicologia brasileira investiga o uso de drogas. Análise de pesquisas de 2007-2020 revela abordagens dicotômicas e causalistas na compreensão do fenômeno.

Abstract

A produção de conhecimento científico sobre as substâncias psicoativas é permeada por compreensões ideológicas ancoradas na Política Internacional de Guerra às Drogas. Nesse contexto, objetiva-se analisar como as pesquisas em Psicologia têm abordado o fenômeno do uso de drogas. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa dos artigos em periódicos brasileiros de Psicologia com Qualis A1 e A2, publicados entre os anos de 2007 e 2020, nas bases de dados SciELO e PePSIC. Procedeu-se a uma análise interpretativa e do corpus textual com o software IRAMUTEQ. Elaboraram-se análises de similitude com os substantivos e os verbos. Os estudos qualitativos mostraram a centralidade da palavra “droga” fortemente ligada ao termo “uso”. Já os estudos quantitativos se organizam em torno do halo no qual o termo “uso” é central, fortemente vinculado aos termos “droga” e “substância”. A produção científica da Psicologia brasileira tem tratado o fenômeno do uso de drogas de maneira dicotômica e causalista e concebe os problemas em relação ao consumo mediante uma cisão entre drogas, indivíduos e seus contextos socioculturais.

Review

The article, "Psicologia e uso de drogas," presents a timely and critical integrative review addressing the persistent influence of the International War on Drugs ideology on scientific knowledge production concerning psychoactive substances. The authors explicitly aim to analyze how research in Brazilian Psychology has approached the phenomenon of drug use. Employing a robust methodology, they systematically reviewed articles published between 2007 and 2020 in Qualis A1 and A2 Brazilian psychology journals from the SciELO and PePSIC databases. The textual corpus was subsequently subjected to an interpretative analysis, including similitude analyses of nouns and verbs using the IRAMUTEQ software, providing a rigorous foundation for their findings. The study's findings reveal a concerning pattern within Brazilian psychological research: a dichotomous and causalistic approach to the phenomenon of drug use. The analysis highlights that qualitative studies predominantly link "droga" (drug) strongly with "uso" (use), while quantitative studies center on "uso," linked to both "droga" and "substância" (substance). Crucially, the authors conclude that this scientific production often conceives problems related to consumption through a problematic "cisão" (split) between drugs, individuals, and their sociocultural contexts. This critical insight underscores the pervasive nature of reductionist frameworks, suggesting that the ideological underpinnings of drug policies continue to shape academic discourse and research paradigms within the field, limiting a more holistic and contextualized understanding of drug use. This review makes a significant contribution by exposing the implicit biases and conceptual limitations within Brazilian psychology's approach to drug use. While effectively identifying the problem, the paper implicitly sets the stage for further discussion on *how* to deconstruct these dominant narratives and foster more nuanced, context-sensitive research. Future work could build upon these findings by proposing alternative theoretical frameworks or methodological approaches that explicitly challenge the identified dichotomies. Furthermore, exploring the specific mechanisms through which the "War on Drugs" ideology permeates academic research, beyond general acknowledgement, could offer deeper insights. Overall, this article serves as an essential critical reflection, urging the field to re-evaluate its foundational assumptions and move towards more integrated and ethically informed understandings of drug use.

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