Abrista Septikasari

Progresivitas Lesi Prakanker Menuju Kanker Serviks: Tinjauan Komprehensif Peran Infeksi HPV Risiko Tinggi dan Mekanisme Molekuler di Zona Transformasi

Introduction

Progresivitas lesi prakanker menuju kanker serviks: tinjauan komprehensif peran infeksi hpv risiko tinggi dan mekanisme molekuler di zona transformasi. Pahami progresivitas lesi prakanker ke kanker serviks. Tinjauan komprehensif ini menjelaskan peran infeksi HPV risiko tinggi dan mekanisme molekuler di zona transformasi untuk deteksi dini.

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally, with the majority of deaths occurring in developing countries. This disease is mostly associated with high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially types 16 and 18, which trigger the development of abnormal cells or precancerous lesions (SIL/CIN). A deep understanding of the mechanisms of precancerous lesion progression is crucial for improving early detection and increasing the chances of recovery. This literature review was compiled using 18 relevant reference articles, such as journals, book, and official websites. Cervical cancer occurs through a progressive change from low-grade lesions (LSIL/CIN 1) to high-grade lesions (HSIL/CIN 2 and 3). The process of carcinogenesis is driven by the entry of HPV DNA into the basal cells within the transformation zone (SCJ), which triggers the production of viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. The E6 and E7 proteins interfere with the cell cycle and the regulation of apoptosis, consequently causing dysplasia and increases the progression to malignancy. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of precancerous lesion progression can improve and enhance the system for early detection and diagnosis enforcement to prevent the spread of cancer cells and increase the chances of recovery. In-depth molecular research is required to support the development of a therapeutic HPV vaccine, which may prevent recurrence and promote the regression of low-grade lesions.

Review

This review article, "Progresivitas Lesi Prakanker Menuju Kanker Serviks: Tinjauan Komprehensif Peran Infeksi HPV Risiko Tinggi dan Mekanisme Molekuler di Zona Transformasi," addresses a highly pertinent and critical global health issue: the progression of precancerous lesions to cervical cancer, primarily driven by high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The abstract clearly outlines the severe impact of cervical cancer, particularly in developing nations, and establishes the crucial need for a deeper understanding of its pathogenesis to enhance early detection and improve patient outcomes. The authors' approach as a literature review, drawing upon 18 relevant articles, aims to synthesize existing knowledge on this complex subject. The abstract effectively highlights the key mechanisms involved in cervical carcinogenesis. It specifically points to the role of HPV types 16 and 18, the progressive changes from low-grade to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL/CIN 1 to HSIL/CIN 2 and 3), and the critical involvement of the transformation zone. A significant strength lies in its concise explanation of the molecular drivers, namely the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins, and their disruptive interference with the cell cycle and apoptosis regulation, leading to dysplasia and malignant progression. This detailed yet accessible overview underscores the importance of a comprehensive molecular understanding for advancing diagnostic and preventative strategies. While the abstract promises a "comprehensive review," the scope defined by 18 reference articles may imply a focused overview rather than an exhaustive synthesis of all available literature. Nevertheless, the explicit mention of the need for "in-depth molecular research" to support the development of a therapeutic HPV vaccine and promote lesion regression is a commendable forward-looking aspect. This positions the review not just as a summary of current knowledge but also as a foundational piece informing future research directions. The ultimate impact of the review on "improving and enhancing the system for early detection and diagnosis enforcement" will depend on how effectively the full paper translates its comprehensive molecular insights into actionable clinical or public health recommendations.

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