Miftakhul Huda

OPTIMALISASI HUKUM JAMINAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI DIGITAL DI INDONESIA

Introduction

Optimalisasi hukum jaminan untuk pengembangan ekonomi digital di indonesia. Optimalkan hukum jaminan untuk ekonomi digital Indonesia. Analisis regulasi aset digital (NFT, fintech) & usulkan reformasi demi kepastian hukum serta peningkatan akses pembiayaan.

Abstract

Perkembangan ekonomi digital di Indonesia, ditandai dengan maraknya fintech lending dan aset kripto, menuntut optimalisasi kerangka hukum jaminan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum bagi kreditur dan debitur. Penelitian ini menganalisis ketidaksesuaian regulasi jaminan konvensional (seperti UU No. 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia) dengan dinamika aset digital yang tidak berwujud, seperti NFT dan smart contract. Menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis komparatif terhadap regulasi di Singapura dan Uni Eropa, studi ini mengidentifikasi celah utama: kurangnya pengakuan jaminan atas aset virtual dan prosedur eksekusi yang lambat. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa reformasi diperlukan melalui amandemen UU Jaminan Fidusia dan integrasi dengan Omnibus Law (UU Cipta Kerja), termasuk pendaftaran elektronik jaminan berbasis blockchain untuk efisiensi dan transparansi. Rekomendasi mencakup pembentukan lembaga registrar digital dan harmonisasi dengan prinsip syariah untuk inklusi UMKM. Optimalisasi ini berpotensi meningkatkan akses pembiayaan digital hingga 30% dan mendukung target ekonomi digital Indonesia mencapai Rp 4.500 triliun pada 2027. Kata kunci: hukum jaminan, ekonomi digital, fintech, fidusia digital, reformasi regulasi  

Review

The paper "OPTIMALISASI HUKUM JAMINAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI DIGITAL DI INDONESIA" addresses a highly pertinent and critical issue concerning the interface between traditional legal frameworks and the rapidly evolving digital economy. It cogently argues that the unprecedented growth of digital finance, particularly fintech lending and crypto assets, in Indonesia necessitates a fundamental re-evaluation and optimization of its existing guarantee law. The core problem identified is the stark incompatibility between conventional collateral regulations, such as the Fiducia Law No. 42/1999, and the intrinsic nature of intangible digital assets like NFTs and smart contracts, which undermines legal certainty for both creditors and debtors. This foundational premise highlights a significant regulatory challenge impeding the robust development of Indonesia's digital economy. Employing a rigorous normative juridical approach complemented by a comparative analysis of regulations in Singapore and the European Union, the study systematically uncovers critical gaps within Indonesia's current legal framework. The research effectively demonstrates that the primary deficiencies lie in the insufficient recognition of virtual assets as legitimate forms of collateral and the cumbersome, slow procedures for executing such guarantees. By drawing parallels with more advanced regulatory landscapes, the paper robustly establishes the inadequacies of the existing system in accommodating the unique characteristics of digital assets. These findings provide a solid empirical and comparative basis for the need for comprehensive regulatory reform. The paper's most valuable contribution lies in its pragmatic and forward-thinking recommendations for regulatory reform. It advocates for targeted amendments to the Fiducia Law and its strategic integration with the Omnibus Law (UU Cipta Kerja) to create a more cohesive and responsive legal environment. Key proposals include the implementation of electronic, blockchain-based guarantee registration to enhance efficiency and transparency, the establishment of a dedicated digital registrar institution, and the crucial harmonization with Sharia principles to foster greater inclusion, particularly for MSMEs. The projected impact, including a potential 30% increase in digital financing access and support for Indonesia's ambitious digital economy target of Rp 4,500 trillion by 2027, underscores the practical significance of these reforms. Overall, this study offers a compelling blueprint for modernizing Indonesia's guarantee law, positioning it as an indispensable resource for policymakers and legal scholars navigating the complexities of the digital economic landscape.

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