Fathur Rozi, Moh Sofyan Andrian, Abdul Majid

Mustad'afin dalam Al-Qur'an

Introduction

Mustad'afin dalam al-qur'an. Menjelajahi konsep Mustad'afin dalam Al-Qur'an melalui tafsir Buya Hamka, membedakannya dari dhu'afa'. Mengulas penindasan historis dan kontemporer di Indonesia.

Abstract

This article aims to explore the articulation of mustad}'afi>n that is actually desired in the Qur'an. According to most, this term is still interpreted as d}u'afa>', while in fact it has different meanings and purposes. In this article, the researcher uses the perspective of Buya Hamka's interpretation. From the interpretation of this local figure, revealing mustad}'afi>n will often remind oneself of Indonesia's past during the colonial era. The mustad}'afi>n are certainly different from the d}u'afa>'. Because, mustad}'afi>n are groups who are oppressed by other groups, but in fact they still have power and are not poor like the d}u'afa>'. The oppressed are always found in every era. Because every turn of the time cannot be separated from the tragedy of domination over something. The oppressed themselves are not only from an economic point of view, but also from a scientific, physical and mental aspect, as well as faith and morals. A little observation of Buya Hamka's interpretation of the letter al-Nisa>'/4 verse 75, that there is an oppression that has occurred in the history of Muslims, where Muslims are under the control of the Meccan polytheists so they cannot migrate. Therefore, as fellow Muslims, it is fitting to help the oppressed by defeating the oppressors. It is a dedication to protect themselves and save the oppressed from oppression.

Review

This article, "Mustad'afin dalam Al-Qur'an," addresses a significant and often misconstrued theological concept within Islamic discourse. The central aim is to meticulously explore the accurate articulation of *mustad'afin* as intended in the Qur'an, arguing against its common conflation with *dhu'afa'* (the weak or poor). The abstract powerfully posits that these terms, while seemingly related, carry distinct meanings and purposes, thereby challenging prevalent interpretations. By seeking to clarify this fundamental distinction, the research promises to offer a nuanced understanding of oppression and empowerment from a Qur'anic perspective, making a valuable contribution to contemporary Islamic studies and social justice discourse. To achieve its objective, the article adopts the insightful interpretive lens of Buya Hamka, a revered local Indonesian scholar. This choice of methodology is particularly commendable, as it grounds the Qur'anic analysis in a specific historical and cultural context, explicitly drawing parallels to Indonesia's colonial past. The abstract highlights that *mustad'afin* are defined not merely by economic poverty but as groups oppressed by others, who nonetheless retain inherent power and are not necessarily impoverished. This expansive understanding of oppression — encompassing scientific, physical, mental, faith, and moral dimensions — significantly broadens the scope of the term beyond conventional interpretations. The illustrative example from Buya Hamka's exegesis of al-Nisa'/4 verse 75, detailing the oppression of Muslims unable to migrate under Meccan polytheist control, effectively demonstrates the historical manifestation and practical implications of this concept. The re-articulation of *mustad'afin* presented here carries profound implications, asserting that oppression is a pervasive phenomenon across all eras, transcending specific historical periods or geographical boundaries. By distinguishing *mustad'afin* from *dhu'afa'*, the article not only refines Qur'anic terminology but also redefines the theological imperative for action. The abstract concludes with a clear call to fellow Muslims to actively assist the oppressed by confronting oppressors, viewing this as an act of self-protection and a commitment to liberation. This work thus moves beyond mere academic definition, offering a compelling framework for understanding and responding to various forms of domination, thereby inviting readers to reflect on their role in safeguarding justice and empowering the oppressed in their own contexts.

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