Muhamad Afiq Abd Razak, Mohd Anuar Ramli, Mohd Zaid Daud

Memposisikan Jenayah Makanan Dalam Wacana Fiqh al-‘Uqūbah: Kajian Awal

Introduction

Memposisikan jenayah makanan dalam wacana fiqh al-‘uqūbah: kajian awal. Memposisikan jenayah makanan dalam fiqh al-‘uqūbah Islam. Mengkaji kaitannya dengan integriti halal dan hukuman takzir berdasarkan prinsip jenayah Islam.

Abstract

Food crime is a serious issue often occurs within the food industry. It also impacted halal food supply chain, where halal integrity can no longer be maintained due to unethical act of food crime. Various studies has discussed on food crime, however, there are very few discussing from the perspective of fiqh al-‘uqūbah (Jurisprudence of punishment) in Islam. Therefore, this study was conducted to discuss food crime within the framework of fiqh al-‘uqūbah to enlighten their relationship. To achieve the research objectives, this study involves collecting data through literature review and analysis by utlizing qualitative approach. Based on the study findings, there are relationship between food crime in fiqh al-‘uqūbah through the concept of takzir (discretionary punishments). Therefore, based on the principles of Islamic fiqh al-‘uqūbah, food crime analysed through the pillar of crime (arkān al-jarīmah) and fits with the definition of crime from Islamic perspective. Jenayah makanan merupakan isu serius yang sering berlaku di dalam industri makanan. Ia juga terjadi di dalam rantaian bekalan makanan halal, di mana integriti halal tidak lagi dapat dipelihara. Terdapat kajian-kajian terdahulu yang telah membahaskan berkenaan dengan jenayah makanan, namun kebanyakannya tidak begitu membincangkan berkenaan dengan perspektif fiqh al-‘uqūbah (fiqh hukuman) di dalam Islam. Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi membahaskan jenayah makanan dalam kerangka fiqh al-‘uqūbah. Bagi menjawab objektif kajian, kajian ini melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui kajian literatur dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, terdapat dalil dari nas yang berkaitan dengan jenayah makanan di dalam Islam. Justeru, ia dapat dihubungkan melalui hukuman takzir berdasarkan fiqh al-‘uqūbah. Berdasarkan prinsip dalam jenayah Islam, jenayah makanan menepati rukun-rukun jenayah dalam Islam.  

Review

The paper, "Memposisikan Jenayah Makanan Dalam Wacana Fiqh al-‘Uqūbah: Kajian Awal," addresses a highly pertinent and critical issue concerning food crime, particularly its impact on the integrity of the halal food supply chain. The authors aptly identify a significant gap in existing literature, noting that while food crime has been extensively discussed, its examination from the unique lens of *fiqh al-‘uqūbah* (Islamic jurisprudence of punishment) is largely absent. This focus is commendable, as it bridges a contemporary societal challenge with a rich, yet often underutilized, classical Islamic legal framework, promising fresh insights into accountability and punitive measures within an Islamic context. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach, relying on literature review and analysis to achieve its stated objectives. This method is appropriate for an initial exploration into conceptual linkages. The abstract indicates a clear finding: a discernible relationship between food crime and *fiqh al-‘uqūbah* primarily through the concept of *takzir* (discretionary punishments). Furthermore, the study asserts that food crime, when analyzed through the pillars of crime (*arkān al-jarīmah*), aligns with the Islamic definition of a crime, supported by relevant textual evidences (*dalil dari nas*). This foundational work is crucial for establishing the legitimacy of applying Islamic legal principles to this modern phenomenon. Overall, this preliminary study offers a valuable conceptual contribution by initiating a much-needed discourse on food crime within *fiqh al-‘uqūbah*. Its strength lies in its innovative attempt to apply classical Islamic legal principles to a modern, complex problem, thereby potentially paving the way for more robust regulatory and ethical frameworks in the halal industry. As a "Kajian Awal" (preliminary study), the abstract hints at a broad initial exploration. For future work, it would be beneficial to see a deeper, more detailed analysis of specific *takzir* applications, a comparative study of different juristic opinions (*madhāhib*) regarding similar offenses, and concrete examples of how *arkān al-jarīmah* apply to various forms of food crime. Such depth would strengthen the paper's practical implications and academic rigor.

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