TOBA SASTRAWAN MANIK MANIK, Ary Purwantiningsih, Dwi Riyanti

Konstruksi Ideal Warga Negara Demokrasi dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan: Suatu Tinjauan Literatur

Introduction

Konstruksi ideal warga negara demokrasi dan pendidikan kewarganegaraan: suatu tinjauan literatur. Jelajahi konstruksi ideal warga negara demokrasi yang transformatif, kritis, dan adil. Pahami peran pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam membentuk warga berdaya.

Abstract

Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah mengangkat dan mendiskusikan dimensi lain yang melekat setiap bahasan tentang warga negara yaitu peran. Warga negara seyogyanya tidak hanya dilihat dalam definisi semata yakni keanggotaan dalam komunitas politik. Namun yang tidak kalah penting adalah dimensi peran warga negara. Kajian ini diangkat dari aspek pedagogis dengan studi pustaka (literature research). Kajian ini menemukan bahwa ide dasar demokrasi itu ialah keberdayaan warga negara. Keberdayaan dalam arti bahwa letak kemartabatan, keluhuran, dan kekuatan demokrasi itu terletak pada bagaimana rakyat aktif berperan. Warga negara ideal demokrasi mensyaratkan warga transformatif, kritis dan berorientasi keadilan. Pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam pendekatan pendidikan untuk kewarganegaraan (education for citizenship) ialah suatu keniscayaan. Untuk menciptakan warga negara ideal tersebut harus melibatkan banyak pihak mulai dari sekolah, peneliti, perancang kurikulum,pemerintah, guru, orang tua dan siswa.

Review

This literature review, titled "Konstruksi Ideal Warga Negara Demokrasi dan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan," addresses a highly relevant and critical topic concerning the foundational principles of democracy. The authors aim to move beyond a simplistic definitional understanding of citizenship by foregrounding the indispensable dimension of citizen *role* and active participation. Utilizing a comprehensive literature review methodology, the paper sets out to delineate what constitutes an 'ideal democratic citizen' and the corresponding implications for civic education. This focus on the practical and performative aspects of citizenship provides a valuable lens through which to examine democratic resilience and development in contemporary societies. A significant strength of this review lies in its articulate identification of citizen empowerment ("keberdayaan warga negara") as the fundamental essence of democracy. The authors compellingly argue that the dignity, nobility, and strength of a democratic system are inherently tied to the active roles citizens play. Furthermore, the paper effectively constructs an ideal democratic citizen as one who is transformative, critical, and deeply oriented towards justice. This nuanced conceptualization moves beyond passive adherence to laws, advocating instead for an engaged citizenry capable of shaping and improving their society. The explicit recommendation for an "education for citizenship" approach in civic education, coupled with the call for broad stakeholder involvement—including schools, researchers, curriculum developers, government, teachers, parents, and students—underscores the practical and collaborative nature required to cultivate such an ideal. While the abstract effectively outlines a crucial argument, a full paper expanding on these ideas could benefit from further specificity. For instance, detailing the theoretical frameworks or specific scholarly traditions (e.g., deliberative democracy, critical pedagogy, participatory governance) that underpin the concepts of "citizen empowerment" and "transformative, critical, and justice-oriented" citizens would enrich the discussion. Additionally, given the call for an "education for citizenship" approach, it would be valuable for the review to delve into a comparative analysis of different models or best practices derived from the literature that concretely illustrate how this approach fosters the desired citizen attributes. These elaborations would strengthen the practical applicability and theoretical depth of an already insightful analysis.

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