Nofriansyah Nofriansyah, Dadang Dahlan, Nani Sutarni, Sri Rahayu, Jery Wardiman, Endang Supriatna, Maya Melia

Human Capital in Green Economies: A Systematic Review of Workforce Transformation of Environmental Sustainability

Introduction

Human capital in green economies: a systematic review of workforce transformation of environmental sustainability. Human capital is key to green economies. A systematic review on workforce transformation, green skills, GHRM, and policies for environmental sustainability & green technology.

Abstract

The relevance of development that is focused on both environmental sustainability and economic improvement is shown by the current global economic boom. With an emphasis on green skills development, green human resource management (GHRM), and its effects on environmental sustainability, this article provides a thorough overview of the role that human capital plays in assisting workforce transformation towards a green economy. This study examined 20 pertinent articles out of 1,760 that were found in the Semantic Scholar and Scopus databases using the PRISMA approach. The findings demonstrate that the adoption of green technology, particularly in the fields of sustainable industry and renewable energy, depends on the development of green human capital. To speed up the development of green talents, cooperation between the government, business community, and academic institutions is also required. The study also identifies significant prospects for job creation and environmental impact reduction, as well as obstacles to the green economy's implementation, such as structural impediments and skills gaps. The article's conclusion is that significant investments in education and training, along with policies that promote sustainability and worker well-being, are necessary to shift the workforce toward a green economy.

Review

This systematic review, "Human Capital in Green Economies: A Systematic Review of Workforce Transformation of Environmental Sustainability," addresses a highly pertinent and timely topic given the increasing global focus on sustainable development and economic improvement. The authors' primary objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role that human capital plays in driving workforce transformation towards a green economy, with a specific emphasis on green skills development, green human resource management (GHRM), and their resulting impact on environmental sustainability. Utilizing a rigorous PRISMA methodology, the study meticulously selected 20 relevant articles from a substantial initial pool of 1,760 found in the Semantic Scholar and Scopus databases, indicating a focused and methodical approach to literature synthesis. The review's findings underscore the critical importance of green human capital development as a cornerstone for the successful adoption of green technologies, particularly within the sustainable industry and renewable energy sectors. A significant contribution is the clear identification of the imperative for multi-stakeholder collaboration—involving government, the business community, and academic institutions—to accelerate the cultivation of essential "green talents." Furthermore, the paper effectively highlights both the substantial opportunities for job creation and environmental impact reduction presented by a green economy, while simultaneously acknowledging key implementation challenges such as structural impediments and persistent skills gaps. Its concluding recommendation for substantial investments in education and training, coupled with supportive sustainability policies, offers valuable actionable insights. While providing a robust synthesis of existing literature on this crucial subject, the review's scope, limited to 20 articles from a vast initial pool, might inherently limit the depth of analysis possible for specific interventions or the full spectrum of challenges. Future research building upon this strong foundation could explore the nuances of GHRM implementation across diverse geographical or industrial contexts, or delve deeper into the effectiveness of specific educational and training programs designed to close identified skills gaps. Nevertheless, this article serves as an excellent foundational piece, clearly articulating the current state of knowledge and the strategic imperatives for fostering a workforce capable of navigating and driving the green economic transition, offering crucial insights for policymakers, educators, and industry leaders alike.

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