Prasojo Katon Dewanto, Supriyadi Supriyadi, Malihatun Nufus, Dwi Siwi Yuliastuti

Genetic Variation of F2 Progeny Test Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Benth. at KHDTK Blok Playen, Gunungkidul

Introduction

Genetic variation of f2 progeny test acacia auriculiformis a. Cunn. Ex benth. At khdtk blok playen, gunungkidul. Evaluate genetic variation & growth of 9-year-old F2 Acacia auriculiformis progeny in Gunungkidul. Reveals significant family effects & high heritability for breeding.

Abstract

Acacia auriculiformis is one of a priority species for forestry in Indonesia. This species has great potential. Breeding of the A. auriculiformis species in KHDTK Blok Playen, Gunungkidul, has reached the second-generation breeding cycle. Further evaluation of the A. auriculiformis progeny test planting in KHDTK Block Playen is needed to develop a certified and more optimal seedling seed orchard. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of 9-year-old A. auriculiformis progeny test in KHDTK Blok Playen, Gunungkidul. Data collection of tree growth included total height, diameter, branch-free stem height, and stem straightness. Measurements were conducted using the census method on 30 families with four tree plots in 12 blocks of F2 A. auriculiformis progeny test at the KHDTK Blok Playen. The results of the analysis of variance show that the family source of variation significantly affected the four growth characteristics observed. These results indicate that genetic factors greatly influence the diversity or variation in the measured characters. Strong phenotypic correlation was found between height with diameter character (0,569) and the branch-free stem height with a stem-straightness (0,633). In general, the family and individual heritability values ​​in this study were classified as high. The genetic gain from individual selection (within plot selection) at 25% intensity showed moderate to very high values, ​​ranging from 3.123%-16.494% for the four observed characteristics.

Review

The study "Genetic Variation of F2 Progeny Test Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Benth. at KHDTK Blok Playen, Gunungkidul" provides a valuable evaluation of a priority forestry species in Indonesia. The authors' objective to assess the growth performance of 9-year-old *A. auriculiformis* F2 progeny is critical for advancing the species' breeding cycle and developing certified seedling seed orchards. This research addresses a significant need for robust genetic evaluation to optimize breeding strategies, especially given the species' substantial potential for Indonesian forestry. The comprehensive scope, covering 30 families across 12 blocks and measuring key growth traits, sets a solid foundation for understanding genetic variation. Methodologically, the study utilized a census method to collect data on total height, diameter, branch-free stem height, and stem straightness. The results from the analysis of variance are particularly insightful, indicating a significant effect of family source on all four observed growth characteristics. This strong statistical evidence highlights the substantial influence of genetic factors on the diversity within the measured traits. Furthermore, the study identified strong phenotypic correlations between height and diameter (0.569) and between branch-free stem height and stem straightness (0.633), which are crucial for multi-trait selection in breeding programs. The reported high family and individual heritability values further underscore the excellent prospects for genetic improvement, with calculated genetic gains from individual selection ranging from 3.123% to 16.494% at 25% intensity, demonstrating considerable potential for enhancing these desirable traits. The findings of this research carry significant practical implications for the *A. auriculiformis* breeding program at KHDTK Blok Playen and, by extension, for broader forestry initiatives in Indonesia. The compelling evidence of high heritability and substantial genetic gains provides a strong scientific basis for selecting superior genotypes and families, thereby facilitating the establishment of more productive and optimal seedling seed orchards. By identifying families with desirable characteristics and quantifying the potential for improvement through selection, this study offers invaluable data for developing robust breeding strategies and producing high-quality planting material. Overall, this paper represents a well-executed and impactful analysis of genetic variation, essential for the sustainable management and genetic improvement of *Acacia auriculiformis* resources.

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