Aisya Sela Setyaningtyas, Novi Kuniawati, Sunahrowi, Marliza Arsiyana

Fait social dans le roman Un Sac de Billes de Joseph Joffo: une étude sociologique de la littérature par Émile Durkheim

Introduction

Fait social dans le roman un sac de billes de joseph joffo: une étude sociologique de la littérature par Émile durkheim. Analyse sociologique du roman 'Un Sac de Billes' de Joffo à travers Durkheim. Explore les faits sociaux tangibles, intangibles et la solidarité mécanique vécus par des Juifs en fuite.

Abstract

Un Sac de Billes is among Joseph Joffo's renowned novels, recounting the harrowing journey of Jewish individuals, Joseph and Maurice, as they flee to the free zone in Menton. However, their escape is fraught with challenges. This study aims to elucidate the social realities and solidarity prevalent during that era, drawing from Emile Durkheim's theories. The research focuses on the French novel of the same title and employs listening and note-taking techniques to gather data. Through data analysis, 17 instances were identified, encompassing (1) tangible social realities, totaling 10 instances, such as the Yellow Star badge, the presence of German soldiers, and posters; (2) intangible social realities, totaling 5 instances, each reflecting prevailing opinions and viewpoints of the time; and (3) instances of mechanical solidarity, comprising 2 instances highlighting the shared experiences between characters, specifically their Jewish identity.

Review

The study proposes an interesting and timely sociological analysis of Joseph Joffo's *Un Sac de Billes*, a novel of significant historical and emotional resonance. The chosen theoretical lens of Émile Durkheim offers a potentially fruitful framework for exploring themes of social reality, community, and solidarity amidst persecution, which are central to the novel's narrative. The stated aim to elucidate "social realities and solidarity prevalent during that era" is clear and relevant, suggesting a valuable interdisciplinary contribution to both literary studies and sociology. The abstract indicates an effort to categorize and identify specific textual instances, which is a commendable initial step in literary analysis. However, the abstract raises several methodological and analytical concerns that would require significant elaboration in the full manuscript. The methodology, described as "listening and note-taking techniques," appears overly simplistic for a rigorous sociological literary analysis; it lacks detail on the qualitative methods employed for interpretation, such as discourse analysis, thematic analysis, or a structured content analysis framework beyond mere identification of instances. Furthermore, while the categorization of findings into "tangible social realities," "intangible social realities," and "mechanical solidarity" provides a structure, the quantification of "10 instances," "5 instances," and "2 instances" feels somewhat arbitrary without a clearer explanation of the coding process or how these numbers contribute to a deeper sociological understanding. The application of Durkheim's concept of "mechanical solidarity" specifically requires more nuance; simply highlighting "shared experiences" and "Jewish identity" as two instances risks an oversimplification of a complex theoretical concept that often involves collective consciousness, repressive law, and ritual, and its contrast with organic solidarity. In conclusion, while the premise of this study is strong, the abstract suggests that the execution requires considerable development to elevate it to a robust academic contribution. The authors are encouraged to elaborate on their methodological approach, providing a clear and detailed account of how data was not merely collected but systematically analyzed through a qualitative lens. Crucially, a deeper and more explicit engagement with Durkheim's theoretical framework is needed, moving beyond mere identification of phenomena to a sophisticated interpretation of how the novel exemplifies or challenges specific Durkheimian concepts. Expanding on the sociological significance of the identified instances, particularly regarding intangible social realities and the precise nature of mechanical solidarity in this context, would significantly strengthen the paper's scholarly impact.

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