Alifa Tri Handayani, Mochamad Aryono Adhi, Budi Eka Nurcahya

Evaluation of Structural Features and Hydrocarbon Reservoir Potential of the Baturaja Formation Using Seismic Envelope and Sweetness Attributes

Introduction

Evaluation of structural features and hydrocarbon reservoir potential of the baturaja formation using seismic envelope and sweetness attributes. Evaluate the Baturaja Formation's hydrocarbon reservoir potential in the Afara Field, South Sumatra Basin. This study uses seismic envelope and sweetness attributes to identify bright-spots, sweet spots, and fault structures for oil and gas exploration.

Abstract

The Afara Field is located around the South Sumatra Basin, which is estimated to contain oil and gas hydrocarbon deposits. The method that can be used for hydrocarbon reserve exploration is the seismic method. Interpretation analysis is carried out by analyzing seismic attributes to determine the amplitude value, shape, and position of seismic waves to identify depositional environments, fluvial or channels, carbonate buildups, to detect fractures and faults, and to provide a direct hydrocarbon indicator (DHI). In this study, the seismic attributes used are the envelope and sweetness attributes to identify the presence of reservoirs, and the ant-tracking attribute is used to identify fault structures around the study area. The results obtained from the analysis carried out on the envelope attribute are the presence of hydrocarbon deposit areas seen from the bright-spot which indicates that the resulting amplitude value is high. The amplitude value has a range of values ​​around 280,000 ms to 440,000 ms located around the UPI-40 and UPI-60 wells. This is validated by the sweetness attribute, which is characterized by the presence of a sweet spot with a value ranging from 60,000 ms to 80,000 ms. The results of the geometric attribute analysis revealed the presence of faults in the study area.

Review

This study presents an investigation into the hydrocarbon reservoir potential and structural architecture of the Baturaja Formation in the Afara Field, South Sumatra Basin, utilizing advanced seismic attribute analysis. The primary objective is to delineate prospective areas for hydrocarbon accumulation by interpreting various seismic signatures associated with depositional environments, structural features, and direct hydrocarbon indicators. The methodology centers on the application of seismic attributes, specifically the envelope, sweetness, and ant-tracking attributes, to provide a comprehensive subsurface characterization. The core of the analysis involves employing the envelope and sweetness attributes for reservoir identification and the ant-tracking attribute for structural delineation, particularly faults. The findings indicate that the envelope attribute successfully identified potential hydrocarbon deposit zones, characterized by "bright spots" showing high amplitude values ranging from 280,000 ms to 440,000 ms, located in the vicinity of the UPI-40 and UPI-60 wells. This interpretation is reportedly validated by the sweetness attribute, which revealed corresponding "sweet spots" with values ranging from 60,000 ms to 80,000 ms. Concurrently, the ant-tracking attribute effectively mapped the presence of faults within the study area, contributing to the overall understanding of the structural framework controlling potential hydrocarbon traps. While the study provides valuable insights into the subsurface characteristics of the Afara Field, some aspects of the abstract warrant further clarification for a complete and accurate understanding. A notable concern arises from the reported units for amplitude values ("ms" for milliseconds), which is a temporal unit and appears inconsistent with standard amplitude measurements, typically dimensionless or in counts. Clarification on these units is crucial for proper interpretation of the results. Furthermore, while the presence of bright spots and sweet spots is presented as an indicator of hydrocarbon potential, the abstract could benefit from a more explicit discussion on the specific criteria and geological reasoning underpinning their classification as "Direct Hydrocarbon Indicators," particularly in the context of the Baturaja Formation's known reservoir characteristics. Addressing these points would undoubtedly strengthen the study's overall scientific rigor and impact.

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