Riyan Ikhsan Nugroho, Marcin Noga, Naufal Annas Fauzi

Development of an LDR-Integrated PDLC Film for Automatic Glare Reduction in Vehicles

Introduction

Development of an ldr-integrated pdlc film for automatic glare reduction in vehicles. Developed an LDR-integrated PDLC film for automatic glare reduction in vehicles. This smart system dynamically adapts to light, blocking up to 99.85% of glare to enhance night driving safety and comfort.

Abstract

The high risk of glare from vehicle headlights at night often becomes a significant contributor to traffic accidents, particularly for motorcyclists and drivers of lightweight vehicles. To address this issue, a smart glare-blocking system based on a PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) film has been developed. This research proposes the design, development, and testing of a PDLC film system integrated with an LDR (Light-Dependent Resistor) sensor to automatically detect light intensity and adjust the film's opacity in real-time. The goal is to enhance driver visibility and comfort without compromising overall road safety. The experimental setup involved placing the prototype system at varying distances (0–9 meters) from a controlled light source at night. Measurements were conducted to collect data on light intensity, voltage output, resistance of the LDR, and the degree of light attenuation achieved by the PDLC film. The results showed that at a distance of 1 meter, the PDLC film could block up to 99.85% of incoming light, reducing 12080 Lux to only 17 Lux. Moreover, the film began to react at 6 meters with an output voltage of 34V. It became fully transparent at 8–9 meters with an output of 50V. The findings demonstrate that the PDLC system functions effectively in detecting potential glare and reducing its impact before it reaches the driver's eyes. This intelligent system offers a promising solution for minimizing night-driving hazards by dynamically adapting to changing light conditions.

Review

This paper presents a compelling solution to the persistent issue of headlight glare during night driving, a known contributor to traffic accidents. By proposing an intelligent glare-blocking system utilizing a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) film integrated with a Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor, the research directly addresses a critical safety concern. The core innovation lies in the system's ability to automatically detect ambient light intensity and dynamically adjust the film's opacity in real-time. This adaptive approach holds significant promise for enhancing driver visibility and comfort, ultimately contributing to safer roads, particularly for vulnerable road users like motorcyclists. The methodology involved a systematic design, development, and experimental testing of the prototype system. Experiments were conducted at night, positioning the PDLC film at varying distances (0–9 meters) from a controlled light source, allowing for precise measurement of light intensity, LDR resistance, voltage output, and the resulting light attenuation. The findings are highly encouraging, demonstrating robust performance: at just 1 meter, the system achieved a remarkable 99.85% reduction in incoming light, attenuating 12080 Lux to a mere 17 Lux. Furthermore, the film showcased its dynamic responsiveness, initiating reaction at 6 meters with an output voltage of 34V and transitioning to full transparency at 8–9 meters with 50V, indicating effective automatic control. Overall, this research effectively demonstrates the viability and significant potential of an LDR-integrated PDLC film for automotive glare reduction. The presented data provides strong evidence that the system can effectively detect potential glare sources and mitigate their impact before they reach the driver's eyes. The intelligent, real-time adaptability of this system offers a promising avenue for minimizing night-driving hazards, marking a substantial step forward in active vehicle safety technologies. Future work could explore integration into actual vehicle prototypes and evaluate performance under diverse, real-world driving conditions to further validate its practical efficacy.

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