Elok Rifqi Firdiana

Delima (Punica granatum L.): Salah satu koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi berpotensi obat

Introduction

Delima (punica granatum l.): salah satu koleksi kebun raya purwodadi berpotensi obat. Delima (Punica granatum L.) koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi berpotensi obat. Ulas pemanfaatan tradisional di Indonesia, serta bukti ilmiah aktivitas antibakteri & antikanker.

Abstract

Delima (Punica granatum L.) merupakan semak dengan tinggi mencapai 5 meter yang termasuk dalam suku Lythraceae. Tumbuhan ini berasal dari Iran dan kini tersebar hingga ke seluruh dunia. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan ini untuk pengobatan tradisional telah lama dikenal, termasuk oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Kebun Raya Purwodadi sebagai salah satu kawasan konservasi ex situ juga mengoleksi tumbuhan ini. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan delima sebagai koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi, menelusuri pemanfaatan delima dalam pengobatan tradisional di Indonesia, dan memaparkan penelitian eksperimen ilmiah yang mendukung potensi delima sebagai obat. Data diperoleh melalui studi literatur dengan menelusuri katalog koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi sedangkan informasi mengenai pemanfaatan delima sebagai bahan obat tradisional dan penelitian eksperimen ilmiah mengenai manfaat delima secara medis diperoleh melalui jurnal-jurnal yang relevan. Kebun Raya Purwodadi memiliki empat nomor koleksi delima pada yaitu XIV.G.I. dan XXII.A.I. Delima telah lama digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional masyarakat Indonesia, terutama di daerah Madura, Luwu Timur, Baubau, dan Bima. Beberapa penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan delima di antaranya sariawan, demam, cacingan, hipertensi, dan batuk dengan bagian tumbuhan yang sering digunakan adalah buah dan biji. Penelitian-penelitian ilmiah telah membuktikan bahwa delima memiliki aktivitas antibakteri mulut sehingga dapat menjaga kesehatan mulut dan memiliki potensi sebagai obat antikanker. Penggalian informasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai kemanfaatan delima dan mendorong masyarakat untuk ikut melestarikannya melalui upaya budidaya.

Review

This paper presents a focused review on *Punica granatum L.* (pomegranate), underscoring its medicinal potential and its significance as an *ex situ* collection within Kebun Raya Purwodadi. The authors clearly outline their objectives: to ascertain the plant's presence in the garden's collection, to document its traditional medicinal uses across Indonesia, and to summarize scientific evidence validating these traditional claims. This exploration is timely and relevant, effectively bridging ethnobotanical knowledge with scientific validation, and highlighting the critical role of botanic gardens in conserving valuable plant resources. The methodology employed is a comprehensive literature study, involving a review of the Kebun Raya Purwodadi's collection catalog and an extensive search of scientific journals for information on traditional uses and experimental research. The findings confirm the presence of *Punica granatum* in the garden's collection, listing four collection numbers. The paper effectively maps out the plant's traditional applications in various Indonesian regions (Madura, Luwu Timur, Baubau, Bima) for ailments such as canker sores, fever, parasitic infections, hypertension, and cough, with the fruit and seeds being the primary parts utilized. Crucially, the review successfully links these traditional uses to scientific backing, citing evidence for its antibacterial activity for oral health and its potential as an anticancer agent. This review significantly contributes to consolidating information on *Punica granatum*'s medicinal attributes and its conservation context. Its primary strength lies in connecting the plant's traditional value and scientifically proven efficacy with its *ex situ* conservation at Kebun Raya Purwodadi, thereby reinforcing the importance of such collections. The paper's stated aspiration to enhance public awareness and encourage cultivation for conservation is commendable and well-supported by the presented data. Future studies could potentially build upon this foundation by investigating the specific phytochemical profiles of the Purwodadi collection and conducting comparative analyses with populations from other regions, further enriching our understanding of this versatile medicinal plant.

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