Salsabila Amania, Anik Handayati, Museyaroh

Correlation of Troponin I Levels with Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease at Haji General Hospital in East Java Province

Introduction

Correlation of troponin i levels with serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (sgot) and low-density lipoprotein (ldl) in patients with coronary heart disease at haji general hospital in east java province. Investigate the correlation of Troponin I with SGOT and LDL in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients. Discover a significant link between Troponin I and SGOT levels, but no correlation with LDL.

Abstract

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a condition caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to reduced blood supply to the heart muscle. This condition occurs due to the buildup of plaques resulting form elevated levels of LDL. Atherosclerosis can trigger myocardial infarction, leading to heart muscle damage and the release of biomarkers such as Troponin I and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT). Objectives: This Study aims to determine the correlation between Troponin I levels and SGOT as well as LDL levels in patients with CHD at Haji General Hospital in East Java Province. Materials and Methods: This study used an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional and purposive sampling. Results: The study results show that the majority of participants were aged 46–65 years (57%) and male (57%). Most patients had high Troponin I levels (70%), normal SGOT levels (63%), and high LDL levels (100%). The correlation analysis using the Spearman test showed a statistically significant correlation between Troponin I and SGOT levels with p value 0.046 and correlation coefficient r= 0.367, but the correlation between Troponin I and LDL levels was not statistically significant with p value 0.330 and correlation coefficient = 0.184. Conclusions: The study found a correlation between Troponin I and SGOT in patients with CHD and no correlation between Troponin I and LDL in patients with CHD.

Review

This study addresses a clinically relevant aspect of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) by investigating the correlations between the cardiac biomarker Troponin I, Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT), and the lipid marker Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) in patients at Haji General Hospital. The primary objective was to determine these correlations in a local patient population. The findings indicate a statistically significant correlation between Troponin I and SGOT levels (p=0.046, r=0.367), suggesting a concurrent rise in these markers during acute cardiac events or ongoing injury. However, the study found no statistically significant correlation between Troponin I and LDL levels (p=0.330, r=0.184), despite 100% of participants presenting with high LDL levels. From a methodological standpoint, the analytical observational cross-sectional design is appropriate for identifying associations at a single time point. However, this design inherently limits the ability to infer causality or temporal relationships between the biomarkers. The use of purposive sampling, while practical for hospital-based studies, may introduce selection bias and affect the generalizability of the findings to a broader CHD population beyond East Java Province. It is noteworthy that while a significant correlation between Troponin I and SGOT was found, 63% of patients had normal SGOT levels, contrasting with 70% having high Troponin I. This underscores Troponin I's superior specificity for myocardial injury compared to SGOT, and suggests the correlation observed might be driven by a subset of patients with more significant, perhaps acute, injury. The conclusions drawn from this study contribute to the understanding of biomarker dynamics in CHD patients. The observed correlation between Troponin I and SGOT, despite the latter's lower specificity, suggests that SGOT might still serve as an ancillary indicator of myocardial involvement in specific clinical scenarios, warranting further exploration. Conversely, the absence of a direct correlation between Troponin I and LDL in a population universally presenting with high LDL levels is an important finding. It suggests that while high LDL is a fundamental driver of atherosclerosis and chronic CHD, its circulating levels may not acutely fluctuate in a manner that directly mirrors ongoing myocardial injury reflected by Troponin I. Future research could benefit from longitudinal studies to track biomarker changes over time, larger and more diverse patient cohorts, and detailed clinical data including specific CHD diagnoses and medication use, to further elucidate these complex relationships.

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