Syuryansyah, Ridha Amalia

Analysis of the political system flow model in the ratification process of Net Zero Emissions (NZE) in Indonesia

Introduction

Analysis of the political system flow model in the ratification process of net zero emissions (nze) in indonesia. Analyze Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions (NZE) policy ratification using Easton's political system flow model. Explores inputs, outputs, and feedback from stakeholders & regulations.

Abstract

This article uses the Easton theory approach to analyse the political system flow model in Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Policy. The primary focus of this study is on the input, output, and feedback sections in the political system that support the NZE policy. The method used is qualitative with descriptive analysis to explain each section of the political system flow model. Data collection techniques are done through literature reviews, relevant articles, and news on handling climate change in Indonesia. Based on the results of the study, in the input section, there is significant support and demand from various parties, including the community, global social movements, the private sector, and international organisations such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These diverse stakeholders play a crucial role in shaping and supporting the NZE policy. In the output section, various regulations and policies that have been ratified have been produced, such as the ratification of the 2016 Paris Agreement, the National Action Plan for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions (RAN GRK), the National Energy General Plan (RUEN), and the REDD+ Initiative. In the feedback section, the output produced shows positive feedback from both the international and domestic communities, reflecting the effectiveness and acceptance of the NZE policy in Indonesia.

Review

This paper offers a timely and relevant analysis of Indonesia's Net Zero Emissions (NZE) policy ratification process, employing David Easton's political system theory. The use of Easton's input-output-feedback model provides a structured framework to dissect the complex interplay of forces shaping climate policy in a significant developing nation. By focusing on the flow dynamics, the study aims to illuminate the mechanisms through which societal demands and international pressures translate into concrete policy outcomes, thereby contributing to our understanding of environmental governance in non-Western contexts. The abstract effectively outlines the application of Easton's model, detailing significant findings across its three core components. In the input section, the research identifies a diverse array of stakeholders, including community groups, global movements, the private sector, and international bodies like the UNFCCC, all exerting considerable demand and support for NZE. This rich tapestry of input subsequently culminates in a range of policy outputs, notably the ratification of the Paris Agreement, RAN GRK, RUEN, and the REDD+ Initiative, demonstrating Indonesia's commitment to climate action. Crucially, the study reports positive feedback from both domestic and international communities, suggesting a degree of acceptance and perceived effectiveness for these nascent NZE policies. The qualitative descriptive approach, drawing on literature and news, appears suitable for mapping these high-level interactions. While the abstract provides a compelling overview, the full paper would benefit from a more critical and in-depth exploration of certain aspects. Specifically, delving beyond the 'positive feedback' to examine potential implementation challenges, resource constraints, or areas of resistance could offer a more nuanced understanding of policy effectiveness and acceptance on the ground. Furthermore, a deeper analysis of the *mechanisms* by which inputs are processed into outputs, and how feedback actively *shapes* subsequent inputs or system adjustments, would strengthen the "flow model" aspect of Easton's theory. For instance, exploring the relative influence of different input actors or the precise impact of international feedback on domestic policy modifications would be valuable. Such an elaborated discussion would not only enrich the descriptive analysis but also provide a more comprehensive picture of the political system's dynamism in addressing climate change.

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