Fransiska Dewi Setiowati Sunaryo, I Ketut Ardhana

Becoming a Global Village: The History of Globalization in Bali

Introduction

Becoming a global village: the history of globalization in bali. Explore the history of globalization in Bali, from colonial influence to its current status as a global tourist village. Discover how Bali balances tradition with external changes.

Abstract

Abstract: Bali, currently known as one of the world's tourist destinations, has long historical roots. However, Bali is slowly experiencing changes, namely on the one hand trying to adopt and adapt various existing changes, but on the other hand trying to maintain these customs and traditions so that their cultural roots are not eroded. The purpose of this article is to analyze what continues and what changes occur as a result of external influences. The research method used is a qualitative method with a historical approach, expected to provide a better understanding of how Bali, which was once closed to outside cultures, is now seen as an open fortress. Document sources and in-depth interviews were used to dig up information about the history of globalization in Bali. The conclusion in this research reveals that the arrival of Dutch colonial influence, which initiated the development of tourism in Bali during the colonial period, impacted customs and traditions on the one hand. On the other hand, Balinese people began to recognize various artistic influences and art-making techniques as they were introduced later. Ubud and Kuta in Bali have turned into a global village, which on the one hand is very strong with traditional roots, but is very adaptive to Western influences. Abstrak: Bali yang saat ini dikenal sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata dunia memiliki akar sejarah yang panjang. Namun demikian, Bali secara perlahan mengalami perubahan, yaitu di satu sisi berusaha mengadopsi dan mengadaptasi berbagai perubahan yang ada, namun di sisi lain berusaha mempertahankan adat dan tradisi tersebut agar akar budayanya tidak terkikis. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis apa saja yang tetap dipertahankan dan perubahan apa saja yang terjadi akibat pengaruh dari luar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan historis yang diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang bagaimana Bali yang dulunya tertutup terhadap budaya luar, kini dipandang sebagai benteng yang terbuka. Sumber-sumber dokumen serta wawancara mendalam digunakan untuk menggali informasi mengenai sejarah globalisasi di Bali. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kedatangan pengaruh kolonial Belanda yang mengawali perkembangan pariwisata di Bali pada masa kolonial berdampak pada adat istiadat di satu sisi, dan di sisi lain, masyarakat Bali mulai mengenal berbagai pengaruh artistik dan teknik pembuatan karya seni yang diperkenalkan kemudian. Ubud dan Kuta di Bali telah berubah menjadi sebuah desa global yang di satu sisi sangat kental dengan akar tradisi namun sangat adaptif terhadap pengaruh Barat.

Review

This paper, "Becoming a Global Village: The History of Globalization in Bali," proposes to examine the complex historical trajectory of Bali as it navigates external influences while striving to preserve its distinct cultural identity. The abstract clearly articulates the central tension: Bali's simultaneous adoption of change and its fervent desire to maintain customs and traditions. Utilizing a qualitative methodology with a historical approach, the research aims to uncover what aspects of Balinese culture have persisted and what has transformed due to external pressures, particularly in light of its shift from a 'closed' society to an 'open fortress.' The topic is highly relevant, given Bali's global prominence as a tourist destination, and the historical lens promises valuable insights into this ongoing cultural negotiation. A significant strength of this study lies in its historical scope, tracing the roots of globalization in Bali back to the Dutch colonial period and its initiation of tourism development. The abstract highlights a key finding: the dual impact of this early influence, affecting customs and traditions while concurrently introducing new artistic influences and techniques to the Balinese people. The conclusion that areas like Ubud and Kuta have evolved into "global villages"—characterized by strong traditional roots yet high adaptability to Western influences—is a compelling and insightful contribution. This framing effectively captures the dynamic interplay between indigenous culture and external forces, providing a nuanced understanding of how Balinese society has historically engaged with, and been shaped by, globalization. The use of document sources and in-depth interviews suggests a robust qualitative foundation for these conclusions. While the abstract provides a strong overview, there are areas where further elaboration would enhance its impact and clarify the paper's specific contributions. For instance, while the conclusion identifies *that* change and persistence occurred, a more explicit mention of the *mechanisms* or *processes* through which Balinese society achieved this delicate balance—how traditions were actively maintained or adapted alongside new influences—would strengthen the abstract. Additionally, while "document sources and in-depth interviews" are mentioned, specifying the *types* of documents or the *demographics/number* of interviewees could provide a clearer sense of the research's empirical depth. Finally, expanding on what constitutes the "global village" characteristics in Ubud and Kuta, beyond just being traditional yet adaptive, could further solidify this central concept, perhaps by offering concrete examples of this hybridity. Addressing these points would provide an even more comprehensive preview of the paper's rich analysis.

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