Ahmad Widad Muntazhor, Bia Mangkudilaga, Linda Lestary, Jenni Komala Sari

ARBITRASE SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BAGI UMKM

Introduction

Arbitrase sebagai alternatif penyelesaian sengketa bagi umkm. Arbitrase jalur cepat & e-arbitration solusi efektif sengketa UMKM di Indonesia. Proses cepat, privat, dan terjangkau ini atasi biaya serta kompleksitas arbitrase konvensional.

Abstract

Abstrak Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memberikan kontribusi besar dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional, namun sering kali menghadapi kendala dalam menyelesaikan sengketa bisnis secara efektif dan terjangkau. Arbitrase sebagai bentuk alternatif penyelesaian sengketa non-litigasi menawarkan sejumlah keunggulan, seperti sifatnya yang privat, cepat, final, dan mengikat. Namun, biaya dan kompleksitas prosedur arbitrase konvensional menjadi hambatan tersendiri bagi pelaku UMKM. Tulisan ini membahas potensi pemanfaatan Arbitrase Jalur Cepat atau Fast Track Arbitration dan Arbitrase Elektronik atau e-Arbitrationsebagai mekanisme yang lebih adaptif dan inklusif untuk UMKM di Indonesia. Fast Track Arbitration menawarkan proses yang lebih cepat dan hemat biaya melalui penghapusan tahapan administratif tertentu dan penggunaan arbiter tunggal. Sementara itu, e-Arbitration menghadirkan efisiensi melalui pelaksanaan proses secara daring, sejalan dengan perkembangan digitalisasi dan kebutuhan akan akses lintas batas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis kerangka hukum arbitrase nasional serta praktik internasional seperti kerangka ODR APEC. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia perlu segera mengadopsi mekanisme arbitrase yang lebih responsif bagi pelaku UMKM, baik melalui pengaturan Fast Track Arbitration maupun integrasi prosedur persidangan elektronik dalam sistem arbitrase nasional. Kata Kunci: Arbitrase, UMKM, Arbitrase Jalur Cepat, Arbitrase Elektronik. Abstract Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a significant role in national economic development, yet they often face challenges in accessing effective and affordable dispute resolution mechanisms. Arbitration, as a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), offers key advantages such as confidentiality, speed, finality, and binding outcomes. However, the costs and procedural complexity of conventional arbitration often hinder MSMEs from utilizing this mechanism. This paper explores the potential of Fast Track Arbitration and e-Arbitration as more inclusive and adaptive solutions for resolving MSME-related disputes in Indonesia. Fast Track Arbitration provides a quicker and more cost-efficient process by eliminating certain administrative steps and employing a sole arbitrator. Meanwhile, e-Arbitration enhances efficiency by conducting proceedings online, aligning with current trends in digitalization and the need for cross-border access. This study employs a normative juridical approach, analyzing both the national legal framework and international practices, such as the APEC ODR Framework. The findings indicate that Indonesia must promptly adopt more responsive arbitration mechanisms tailored to the needs of MSMEs, through the formal recognition of Fast Track Arbitration and the integration of electronic proceedings into the national arbitration system. Keywords: Arbitration, MSMEs, Fast Track Arbitration, E-Arbitration.

Review

The paper "ARBITRASE SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA BAGI UMKM" tackles a highly pertinent issue concerning the accessibility of effective dispute resolution for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Acknowledging the substantial contribution of MSMEs to the national economy, the abstract clearly articulates the inherent difficulties these businesses face with conventional dispute resolution mechanisms, particularly the cost and procedural complexities associated with traditional arbitration. The study proposes Fast Track Arbitration and e-Arbitration as innovative and more adaptive solutions, offering the advantages of speed, cost-efficiency, and digital integration. This focus on tailored arbitration mechanisms for MSMEs is highly relevant and timely, reflecting both national economic imperatives and global trends in digital justice. The strength of this paper lies in its clear identification of a significant problem and its proactive proposal of concrete, forward-looking solutions. The exploration of Fast Track Arbitration and e-Arbitration demonstrates an acute understanding of the practical barriers faced by MSMEs and how modern approaches can mitigate these. The chosen normative juridical approach, which involves analyzing national legal frameworks alongside international practices like the APEC ODR Framework, provides a solid foundation for the arguments presented. By advocating for quicker processes, single arbitrators, and online proceedings, the research effectively bridges the gap between the theoretical benefits of arbitration and the practical needs of MSMEs, aligning well with the demands for greater access to justice in the digital age. While the abstract provides a compelling case for the adoption of these responsive arbitration mechanisms, a full-length paper would benefit from a deeper exploration of the specific legal and practical implementation challenges within the Indonesian context. For instance, a more detailed analysis of necessary amendments to existing arbitration laws, the enforceability of awards from e-Arbitration, and strategies to overcome potential digital literacy gaps among MSMEs would significantly enhance the study's impact. Furthermore, considering the institutional capacity of Indonesian arbitration bodies to adopt and manage these changes, perhaps alongside a comparative analysis of other accessible ADR options for MSMEs (e.g., online mediation), could provide a more holistic understanding of the landscape and reinforce the unique value proposition of these modified arbitration forms. These additions would solidify the research's contribution to policy-making and practical implementation.

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