Fernando Vázquez Parga

A discrecionalidade na fase preparatoria do xuízo no proceso penal inglés

Introduction

A discrecionalidade na fase preparatoria do xuízo no proceso penal inglés. Estudo da discrecionalidade e principio de oportunidade na fase previa do xuízo penal inglés. Compara co sistema español e propón melloras lexislativas.

Abstract

Neste estudo analízase o proceso penal no ordenamento xurídico inglés, centrándose na fase previa ao xuízo oral e nas manifestacións do principio de oportunidade por parte das autoridades de persecución penal (policía e fiscalía). Con isto poñeranse de manifesto non só as principais diferenzas co sistema español, senón tamén os aspectos positivos e negativos da aplicación das principais alternativas ao proceso penal nesta fase procesual. Finalmente, propoñeranse unha serie de posíbeis melloras do sistema inglés para que, a súa vez, poidan servir de base para a aplicación do principio de oportunidade na fase previa ao xuízo oral en España, especialmente nas futuras reformas lexislativas neste eido

Review

This study offers a timely and pertinent examination of the English criminal justice system, specifically delving into the exercise of discretion during its pre-trial phase. The authors critically analyze the "principle of opportunity" as manifested by law enforcement and prosecutorial authorities (police and prosecution). By focusing on this crucial stage, the paper aims to illuminate the distinct approaches to criminal procedure, particularly highlighting the significant differences when compared to the Spanish legal system. This comparative lens immediately establishes the work's relevance for understanding the philosophical and practical divergence between common law and civil law traditions in criminal justice. The abstract indicates a comprehensive analytical approach, promising to dissect both the positive and negative implications of applying various alternatives to formal criminal prosecution at the pre-trial stage. This balanced perspective is vital for a nuanced understanding of how such discretionary powers impact fairness, efficiency, and public trust within the justice system. The intention to lay bare these pros and cons suggests a rigorous evaluation of current practices, providing valuable insights into the practical functioning and potential pitfalls of discretionary decision-making by key actors in the English system. Beyond its analytical scope, the study positions itself as a practical and forward-looking contribution. The commitment to proposing concrete improvements for the English system is commendable. More significantly, these proposed enhancements are explicitly intended to serve as a foundational basis for implementing the principle of opportunity in Spain's pre-trial phase, particularly guiding future legislative reforms. This dual focus—critique and constructive proposal for both systems—underscores the paper's considerable potential to inform legal scholarship, influence policy debates, and shape the evolution of criminal procedural law in both England and Spain, making it a valuable resource for academics, practitioners, and policymakers alike.

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