Eveline Widjaja, Rendy Singgih

Vulvitis: Gambaran klinis, etiologi dan pilihan pengobatan (Tinjauan literatur)

Introduction

Vulvitis: gambaran klinis, etiologi dan pilihan pengobatan (tinjauan literatur). Pelajari tentang vulvitis: peradangan vulva, gejala (gatal, perih), etiologi (iritasi, infeksi bakteri, jamur), faktor risiko, diagnosis, dan pilihan pengobatan efektif.

Abstract

Vulvitis merupakan peradangan pada organ reproduksi vulva wanita yang ditandai dengan gejala gatal, perih dan keluarnya cairan kental dari kemaluan. Penyebab vulvitis dapat disebabkan karena iritasi kemudian menyebabkan infeksi, ataupun infeksi itu sendiri. Penyebab infeksi meliputi jamur, virus, bakteri dan parasit. Penyebab tersering dari infeksi adalah vulvovaginitis bakterialis dan penyebab tersering akibat non-infeksi adalah iritan dan alergi. Faktor risiko dari vulvitis antara lain usia muda, kondisi hormonal, aktivitas seksual yang sering bergonta-ganti pasangan, riwayat penyakit seperti diabete melitus, HIV ataupun alergi, penggunaan produk pembersih area kewanitaan yang dapat menyebabkan iritasi, kebiasaan douching, menggunakan pakaian dalam terlalu ketat, kebiasaan higiene buruk dan merokok. Pemeriksaan yang dapat dilakukan untuk memastikan vulvitis dapat diarahkan dengan anamnesis, pemeriksan fisik terarah dan juga untuk membantu dapat dilakukan pemeriksan penunjang. Terapi untuk vulvitis antara lain dapat dilakukan terapi non farmakologis dan farmakologis, kunci dari terapi tersebut yaitu higienitas dari bagian organ reproduksi. Oleh karena kaum wanita perlu dibekali pengetahuan mengenai kondisi ini mengingat kejadiannya yang seringkali terjadi dan apabila sudah terjadi, penatalaksanaan yang tepat dapat mengurangi keparahan yang ada.

Review

This literature review, "Vulvitis: Gambaran klinis, etiologi dan pilihan pengobatan (Tinjauan literatur)," addresses a highly relevant and common condition affecting women's health. The abstract clearly outlines the paper's comprehensive scope, aiming to delineate the clinical manifestations, diverse etiologies, and available treatment modalities for vulvitis. By consolidating existing literature, the review promises to offer a structured understanding of this condition, which is frequently encountered in clinical practice and significantly impacts patient quality of life. The abstract provides a strong indication of the depth and breadth of the proposed review. It begins with a clear definition of vulvitis and its cardinal symptoms, followed by a detailed exploration of its multifactorial origins, distinguishing between infectious (fungal, viral, bacterial, parasitic) and non-infectious causes (irritants, allergies), and identifying the most common culprits in each category. Crucially, the abstract enumerates a wide array of risk factors, from age and hormonal status to lifestyle choices and pre-existing medical conditions, demonstrating a holistic approach to understanding disease susceptibility. Furthermore, it touches upon diagnostic methods, emphasizing a combination of clinical assessment and supporting investigations, and highlights the dual approach of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments, underscoring the paramount importance of hygiene in management. While the abstract effectively summarizes the core aspects of vulvitis, a full review would benefit from more granular details on specific treatment protocols, including drug choices, dosages, and duration, as well as a deeper discussion on differential diagnoses given the varied etiologies. The emphasis on educating women is highly commendable, highlighting the paper's practical significance in promoting early recognition and appropriate self-care or seeking timely medical intervention. By bringing together the clinical picture, causes, risk factors, and treatment, this literature review stands to be a valuable resource for healthcare practitioners and a vital educational tool for women, ultimately contributing to better management outcomes and improved reproductive health awareness.

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