Hada Maruf, Theresia Martina Marwanti, Wawan Heryana

Tingkat Penerimaan Diri pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang Tergabung Dalam Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) "Smile Plus" Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah

Introduction

Tingkat penerimaan diri pada orang dengan hiv/aids (odha) yang tergabung dalam kelompok dukungan sebaya (kds) "smile plus" kabupaten temanggung, jawa tengah. Mengukur penerimaan diri ODHA di KDS 'Smile Plus' Temanggung. Temuan menunjukkan tingkat penerimaan diri rendah (84%), dipengaruhi stigma dan kurangnya kepercayaan diri akibat status HIV/AIDS.

Abstract

Penerimaan diri merupakan hal yang sulit dihadapi oleh orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA), karena adanya stigma dan diskriminasi sehingga menutup diri. Penerimaan diri merupakan sikap pengakuan dan pemahaman tentang diri sendiri atas keterbatasan yang dimiliki serta kemampuan dalam pengakuan kekuatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran secara empiris tentang: 1) karakteristik responden, 2) kerelaan kepada orang lain, 3) kesehatan psikologis, 4) penerimaan terhadap orang lain. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan deskriptif. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik total sampling atau sensus dengan jumlah 75 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan studi dokumentasi. Uji validasi alat ukur menggunakan validasi muka (face validity). Instrumen penelitian menggunakan rating scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada aspek kerelaan terhadap orang lain termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Aspek kesehatan psikologis juga termasuk dalam kategori rendah, sedangkan aspek penerimaan terhadap orang lain termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Hasil akhir dari tingkat penerimaan diri ODHA di KDS “Smile Plus” Kabupaten Temanggung termasuk dalam kategori rendah, terdapat 63 responden (84%) dengan penerimaan diri yang rendah dan hanya 12 responden (16%) dengan tingkat penerimaan dirinya yang tinggi. ODHA belum mampu menerima dirinya sebagai orang yang terinfeksi HIV/AIDS. Selain itu, ODHA belum rela dan kurang percaya diri untuk membuka status dirinya

Review

This descriptive quantitative study addresses a critical and challenging issue: self-acceptance among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) within a peer support group context. The research is highly relevant, acknowledging the significant barriers of stigma and discrimination that often impede self-acceptance. By focusing on the "Smile Plus" Peer Support Group in Temanggung, Central Java, the study provides a localized empirical snapshot of a vulnerable population. The clear objectives, aiming to characterize respondents and assess aspects like willingness to others, psychological health, and acceptance of others, set a focused scope for the investigation, utilizing a total sampling approach of 75 respondents which is appropriate for studying a specific, defined group. Methodologically, the study employed a quantitative descriptive design, collecting data through questionnaires and documentation. While the use of a rating scale and the census approach for data collection are noted, a significant point of concern lies in the instrument validation, which is stated as "face validity" (validasi muka). This is a basic form of validation and suggests a potential limitation in the psychometric rigor of the instruments, which could affect the reliability and construct validity of the measurements and thus the overall confidence in the findings. The results indicate low scores for willingness towards others and psychological health, yet a high score for acceptance of others. Intriguingly, despite this high acceptance of others, the overall level of self-acceptance among PLWHA in the group was found to be low, with a striking 84% of respondents demonstrating low self-acceptance, indicating that many have not yet come to terms with their HIV status nor are they willing or confident to disclose it. The findings underscore the persistent internal struggles faced by PLWHA, even within supportive environments. The discrepancy between high acceptance of others and low self-acceptance is a particularly insightful finding, suggesting that while external tolerance may exist or be practiced, the internal journey towards self-acceptance remains arduous. This research provides valuable baseline data, highlighting an urgent need for targeted interventions within peer support groups that focus not just on external coping mechanisms, but also on fostering deeper psychological health, internal resilience, and confidence in disclosure. Future research could benefit from employing more robust psychometric validation techniques for instruments, exploring the nuanced relationship between acceptance of others and self-acceptance, and utilizing qualitative methods to delve into the lived experiences and complex barriers contributing to low self-acceptance among this population.

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