I Dewa Ayu Widya Candraswari, I Komang Gede Triyana Wahyu Nanda

Studi Literatur: Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) serta Potensinya dalam Inovasi Sediaan Farmasi Berbasis Bahan Alam

Introduction

Studi literatur: aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan daun kelor (moringa oleifera) serta potensinya dalam inovasi sediaan farmasi berbasis bahan alam . Temukan aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) dalam studi literatur ini. Eksplorasi inovasi sediaan farmasi alami yang efektif.

Abstract

Pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai alternatif antibakteri dan antioksidan semakin mendapat perhatian seiring meningkatnya resistensi antibiotik dan paparan radikal bebas. Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin yang berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri serta menangkal radikal bebas. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meninjau aktivitas antibakteri dan antioksidan daun kelor berdasarkan literatur ilmiah serta mengeksplorasi inovasi sediaan farmasi yang telah dikembangkan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kelor efektif terhadap berbagai bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif, dengan daya hambat bervariasi tergantung konsentrasi dan metode ekstraksi. Aktivitas antioksidan juga terbukti kuat, terutama dengan metode DPPH, di mana nilai IC50 menunjukkan efektivitas tinggi dalam sediaan lotion dan gel. Inovasi sediaan seperti infusa, nanoemulsi, nanohidrogel, nanopartikel, dan transdermal patch memperluas potensi aplikatif daun kelor dalam dunia farmasi.

Review

This literature review, "Studi Literatur: Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) serta Potensinya dalam Inovasi Sediaan Farmasi Berbasis Bahan Alam," addresses a highly pertinent area in pharmaceutical science: the exploration of natural products as alternatives to synthetic agents. The increasing global concerns regarding antibiotic resistance and oxidative stress underscore the timely relevance of investigating plants like *Moringa oleifera*. The review aptly highlights the rich phytochemical profile of *Moringa* leaves, citing compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which are understood to be the primary contributors to its therapeutic properties. The study's clear objective to synthesize existing scientific literature on *Moringa*'s antibacterial and antioxidant activities, alongside its potential in pharmaceutical innovations, positions it as a valuable contribution to the field. The review effectively consolidates evidence demonstrating the dual therapeutic potential of *Moringa oleifera*. It reports that *Moringa* extracts exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although acknowledging the variability influenced by extraction methods and concentrations—a crucial detail for practical applications. Furthermore, the abstract clearly indicates robust antioxidant activity, particularly as evidenced by DPPH assays and favorable IC50 values in formulated products like lotions and gels. This comprehensive summary of *Moringa*'s bioactivities forms a strong foundation for understanding its therapeutic basis and underscores its promise as a versatile natural compound. Beyond merely cataloging bioactivities, a significant strength of this review lies in its forward-looking perspective on pharmaceutical innovation. The abstract outlines a diverse range of modern dosage forms—including infusa, nanoemulsions, nanohydrogels, nanoparticles, and transdermal patches—that have been developed or explored using *Moringa* extracts. This section is particularly valuable as it bridges the gap between traditional herbal use and cutting-edge pharmaceutical technology, illustrating the plant's adaptability for enhanced bioavailability and targeted delivery. Overall, this literature review provides a well-structured and insightful overview, offering a compelling case for the continued research and development of *Moringa oleifera*-based pharmaceutical products to meet contemporary health challenges.

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