Sherly Asmarani, Yanti Puspita Sari, Puji Astuti

PERTUMBUHAN Aglonema sp. VARIETAS RED BORJU SECARA IN VITRO DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BAHAN ORGANIK BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa) DAN TAOGE (Phaseolus radiatus)

Introduction

Pertumbuhan aglonema sp. Varietas red borju secara in vitro dengan penambahan bahan organik bawang merah (allium cepa) dan taoge (phaseolus radiatus). Penelitian tentang pertumbuhan Aglonema Red Borju in vitro dengan bahan organik bawang merah & taoge. Temukan konsentrasi terbaik bawang merah (25 g/L) untuk hasil optimal.

Abstract

Aglonema merupakan tanaman hias yang memiliki berbagai macam variasi daun, baik dari motif, bentuk, warna dan ukurannya. Aglonema sp. var Red Borju mempunyai daya tarik pada daun yang berwarna hijau tua dan merah muda pada tulang daunnya. Tanaman ini mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi, namun budidayanya masih terbatas. Teknik kultur jaringan dengan penambahan bahan organik merupakan salah satu alternatif perbanyakan tanaman Aglonema sp. untuk memenuhi permintaan pasar yang semakin meningkat. Dengan teknik kultur jaringan bisa didapatkan bibit tanaman dalam jumlah yang banyak, seragam sehat dan dalam waktu yang lebih singkat. Bahan organik yang ditambahkan ke dalam media dapat digunakan sebagai zat pengatur tumbuh alami yang membantu pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan konsentrasi bahan organik bawang merah (Allium cepa) dan taoge (Phaseolus radiatus) terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan eksplan Aglonema sp. Varietas Red Borju secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bahan organik bawang merah lebih berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman Aglonema sp. Varietas Red Borju dibanding bahan organik taoge. Konsentrasi terbaik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman diperoleh pada penambahan bahan organik bawang merah 25 g/L yaitu pada penambahan tinggi tanaman 7,4 cm, jumlah tunas 6 tunas, jumlah akar 6,3 akar dan jumlah daun 3 helai.  Hal ini berarti bahwa pemberian bahan organik bawang merah dengan konsentrasi rendah (25 g/L) dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman Aglonema sp. secara in vitro.

Review

This study addresses a pertinent issue in ornamental horticulture, focusing on the *in vitro* propagation of *Aglonema sp. var. Red Borju*, a highly valued ornamental plant with significant economic potential but limited traditional propagation methods. The research rightly identifies tissue culture as a powerful alternative for mass production of uniform, healthy plantlets. The novel approach of incorporating natural organic additives, specifically red onion (*Allium cepa*) and mung bean sprout (*Phaseolus radiatus*) extracts, into the culture medium is particularly commendable, offering a potentially more sustainable and cost-effective strategy compared to synthetic plant growth regulators. The clear objective of determining the optimal type and concentration of these organic substances for *Aglonema* growth *in vitro* is well-defined. The methodology employed in this research compared the efficacy of red onion and mung bean sprout extracts at various concentrations on *Aglonema* explant growth. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that red onion extract exhibited a superior influence on the growth parameters of *Aglonema sp. var. Red Borju* compared to mung bean sprout extract. Specifically, the optimal concentration for red onion extract was identified as 25 g/L, which significantly promoted plant height (7.4 cm), shoot formation (6 shoots), root development (6.3 roots), and leaf production (3 leaves). These quantitative results strongly support the conclusion that a low concentration of red onion extract can effectively enhance *in vitro* growth of *Aglonema sp.* explants. This research provides valuable insights into utilizing readily available organic materials as natural plant growth enhancers in tissue culture, which could have significant implications for commercial *Aglonema* production. The identification of a specific optimal concentration of red onion extract offers a practical recommendation for nurseries and tissue culture laboratories seeking more natural and potentially cost-effective propagation methods. While the study effectively establishes the benefits of red onion extract, future research could further explore the specific active compounds responsible for the observed growth promotion, investigate the long-term effects on plant acclimatization and subsequent growth, and potentially expand the study to other *Aglonema* varieties. Overall, this paper makes a meaningful contribution to the field of plant biotechnology and sustainable horticulture.

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