Devi Widyasari Silaban, fachrudin sembiring

PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DALAM KRISIS KESEHATAN: TANTANGAN, RESPONS ANGGOTA WTO DAN PROSPEK PENGUATAN SISTEM PERDAGANGAN MULTILATERAL

Introduction

Perdagangan internasional dalam krisis kesehatan: tantangan, respons anggota wto dan prospek penguatan sistem perdagangan multilateral. Tantangan perdagangan internasional selama krisis kesehatan (COVID-19), respons anggota WTO, dan prospek penguatan sistem perdagangan multilateral untuk liberalisasi.

Abstract

Trade is a sustainable process that occurs regularly. If sudden health issues emerge, such as Covid-19, it will affect the trade of goods supply chain, but never postpone entirely. WTO members responsively and temporarily impose measures that somehow barriers trade. As time goes by, unilateral measures can be taken regarding members' obligation to open market access as a core principle within WTO. This paper will discuss how members comply with their obligation during Covid-19 by imposing measures; and how unilateral measures can reinforce the multilateral trading system and create trade liberation later. This paper will be written according to normative-juridical methods with a historical approach as the main idea of the analysis process. This paper will accommodate conceptual ideas upon Rules and re-forecasting phenomenon in further economic scale to maintaining ongoing trade. Afterward, members may respond appropriately to health issues relating to the goods supply chain by imposing measures that can be acknowledged to members collectively.

Review

The proposed paper, "PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DALAM KRISIS KESEHATAN: TANTANGAN, RESPONS ANGGOTA WTO DAN PROSPEK PENGUATAN SISTEM PERDAGANGAN MULTILATERAL," addresses a highly pertinent and critical issue concerning the intersection of global health crises and international trade, particularly through the lens of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The abstract effectively introduces the core problem: how sudden health emergencies, exemplified by COVID-19, disrupt global supply chains and prompt WTO members to impose trade-affecting measures. The paper aims to analyze member compliance with market access obligations during such crises and, intriguingly, posits that unilateral measures might ultimately reinforce the multilateral trading system and foster trade liberalization. Employing a normative-juridical methodology with a historical approach, the study promises a conceptual analysis grounded in rules and future economic forecasting. The strength of this work lies in its timely engagement with a major global challenge and its focus on a crucial international institution. The commitment to discussing compliance within the WTO framework during unprecedented times is commendable. However, the abstract's most provocative claim—that unilateral measures can reinforce the multilateral system and lead to liberalization—requires significant theoretical underpinning and careful argumentation. Unilateral actions are often perceived as antithetical to multilateralism, and the mechanism through which they would achieve such positive outcomes needs to be explicitly and convincingly articulated in the full paper. Furthermore, while "re-forecasting phenomenon in further economic scale" is mentioned, the specific nature of this forecasting and the phenomena it addresses could benefit from greater clarity. The abstract also suggests a trajectory where members may "respond appropriately to health issues... by imposing measures that can be acknowledged to members collectively," which appears to be a solution *after* the phase of unilateral measures; the connection and progression between these two stages should be meticulously mapped out. Overall, this paper has the potential to make a significant contribution to understanding the resilience and adaptation of the international trading system in the face of global shocks. To fulfill this promise, the final manuscript must rigorously develop its central thesis on how unilateral measures can paradoxically strengthen multilateralism. It should provide a clear conceptual framework, supported by robust legal and economic reasoning, to explain this proposed dynamic. By thoroughly analyzing member responses and articulating a coherent path towards collective acknowledgement of future measures, the paper could offer valuable insights for policymakers and academics alike on how to navigate future health crises while safeguarding the principles of open and rules-based international trade.

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