Vionita Dintri Ardana, Rizka Mukhlisiah, Arasy Zatadhira, Chesa Salsabila

Pengaruh Laporan Keuangan untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Rasio Profitabilitas pada Perusahaan Sektor Telekomunikasi yang Terdapat di Bursa Efek Indonesia PT Telkom Indonesia Persero Tbk Periode 20182023

Introduction

Pengaruh laporan keuangan untuk menilai kinerja keuangan berdasarkan rasio profitabilitas pada perusahaan sektor telekomunikasi yang terdapat di bursa efek indonesia pt telkom indonesia persero tbk periode 20182023. Kaji pengaruh laporan keuangan terhadap penilaian kinerja keuangan PT Telkom Indonesia (2018-2023) dengan rasio profitabilitas (ROA, ROE, NPM). Fokus pada dampak signifikan ROE.

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) on Net Profit Margin (NPM) at PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. (2018–2023). Quantitative methods, financial ratios, and statistical tests were conducted using SPSS. The results indicate that ROE significantly affects NPM (sig = 0.021 < 0.05), while ROA is not significant (sig = 0.871 > 0.05). Simultaneously, ROA and ROE jointly affect NPM (sig = 0.011; F-calculated 28.166 > F-table 2.732). Equity utilization (ROE) is a key determinant of financial performance, while asset efficiency (ROA) is relevant in combined analysis. This study underscores the strategic importance of managing assets and equity to enhance profitability and investor trust.

Review

This study investigates the influence of Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) on Net Profit Margin (NPM) at PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. over the period 2018-2023. Utilizing a quantitative approach with financial ratios and statistical tests conducted via SPSS, the research offers a focused analysis on a prominent telecommunication firm. A key strength lies in its clear methodology and direct presentation of findings, highlighting that ROE individually significantly impacts NPM, while ROA does not. Interestingly, the study concludes that both ROA and ROE collectively have a significant effect on NPM, underscoring the interplay between asset and equity management in driving profitability. While the study provides valuable insights into PT Telkom's financial performance, its scope is a significant limitation. Focusing on a single company, despite the broader implication in the title of "companies in the telecommunication sector," restricts the generalizability of the findings to the wider Indonesian telecommunication industry or other sectors. The relatively short six-year timeframe (2018-2023) might also pose constraints on the robustness of time-series statistical analysis, potentially limiting the depth of conclusions drawn regarding causal relationships. Furthermore, while the relationships examined are fundamental, the abstract doesn't elaborate on any novel theoretical contributions or a deeper exploration of *why* ROA exhibits individual insignificance while being relevant in a combined analysis. Despite these limitations, the study offers practical implications for PT Telkom's management and investors, emphasizing the critical role of equity utilization in enhancing profitability and investor confidence. For future research, it is highly recommended to broaden the scope to include a panel of multiple telecommunication companies to allow for comparative analysis and improve generalizability. Incorporating a longer time series or higher frequency data (e.g., quarterly) would also strengthen the statistical inference. Exploring potential mediating or moderating variables that could explain the nuanced impact of ROA, or integrating other non-financial performance indicators, could provide a more comprehensive understanding of financial performance drivers.

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