A. Julisma M, Jamaluddin, Fatahillah

Microcontroller Based Bird Pest Repellant Modifications Using A Pir Sensor

Introduction

Microcontroller based bird pest repellant modifications using a pir sensor. Penelitian ini memodifikasi alat pengusir hama burung berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dengan sensor PIR. Dirancang untuk pertanian, alat ini diuji kinerja deteksinya yang rata-rata 4m.

Abstract

Hama yaitu seluruh hewan yang merugikan pertanian dan organisme pengganggu tanaman yang merusak secara fisik, contohnya seperti burung. Hama burung bisa memakan padi hingga rata-rata sejumlah 5 g perhari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memoifikasi dan mengetahui kinerja alat pengusir hama burung berbasis mikrokontroler menggunakan sensor pir (passive infra red). Pembuatan alat ini meliuti beberapa tahaan yaitu studi pustaka, identifikasi sistem, merancang alat dan sistem kontrol, pengujian fungsional, pengujian lapangan dan analisis data. Mikrokontroler arduino uno sebagai pengendali alat, akumulator sebagai sumber daya, sensor PIR sebagai sensor pendeteksi serta motor servo sebagai penggerak. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian jarak deteksi alat diketahui bahwa jarak rata-rata jangkauan sensor hanya 4 m. Ini dikarenakan sebab penggunaan sensor kadangkala kurang dapat mendeteksi keberadaan burung yang jumlahnya 1 ekor dan area lahan memiliki cakupan yang luas.

Review

This study presents a timely and relevant attempt to address agricultural bird pest issues through the modification and evaluation of a microcontroller-based repellant system utilizing a PIR sensor. The problem of bird damage, specifically the consumption of rice crops, is clearly established, underscoring the practical significance of developing effective countermeasures. The paper outlines a clear objective: to modify and assess the performance of such a device, built around an Arduino Uno microcontroller, an accumulator power source, a PIR sensor for detection, and a servo motor for actuation, which suggests a well-defined engineering approach to the problem. The methodology described is systematic, commencing with a literature review and system identification, progressing through design and control system development, and culminating in functional and field testing, followed by data analysis. This structured approach is commendable and lends credibility to the experimental process. The choice of a microcontroller-based system offers flexibility and potential for future enhancements, while the use of a PIR sensor for non-contact detection is a logical starting point for an automated repellant, aiming to provide a low-cost and potentially efficient solution for farmers. However, the findings reveal a significant limitation: the average detection range of the PIR sensor was only 4 meters, with further difficulties in detecting single birds, particularly in expansive agricultural fields. This restricted range and sensitivity issue severely impacts the practical applicability and effectiveness of the device in its current form, as vast areas would require numerous units or a more sophisticated sensor network. Future research should prioritize enhancing the detection mechanism, perhaps by exploring alternative sensor technologies (e.g., ultrasonic, radar, camera-based AI vision), integrating multiple sensors for wider coverage, or developing algorithms that can better distinguish and track avian pests in diverse environmental conditions. Despite these limitations, the paper successfully identifies a critical bottleneck and lays foundational work for subsequent iterations of automated bird repellant systems.

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