I Nyoman Widya Paramadhyaksa

Konsepsi Panca Mahabhuta dalam Perwujudan Arsitektur Tradisional Bali

Introduction

konsepsi panca mahabhuta dalam perwujudan arsitektur tradisional bali. Selami Konsepsi Panca Mahabhuta, fondasi arsitektur tradisional Bali. Pahami integrasi lima elemen alam semesta, tubuh manusia, dan lingkungan terbangun, serta aplikasinya pada tata letak bangunan.

Abstract

In Balinese architectural knowledge it is known that it has a fundamental conception that has long been applied to the realization of buildings and layout of Bali since long time ago. This conception is known as Panca Mahabhuta containing the doctrine of the five main elements of the universe or cosmos macro (Bali: bhuwana agung); human body or micro cosmos (Bali: bhuwana alit), and the realization of the architecture or the built environment which has mesocosmos scale. This kind of conception was also known in the classical cultures belong to other nations in the world, such as in China, India, Japan, and Greece. This brief article concerns with some issues about the conception of Panca Mahabhuta, namely: (a) definition, (b) philosophical background; (c) its relation to natural character; (d) its relation to elements of the human body, (e) to figures of the Five Pandawas, and (f) the application form to layout and the structure of Balinese buildings. This paper is based on the library research and observations in the field object by applying rationalistic paradigm and hermeneutic studies.

Review

This article, "Konsepsi Panca Mahabhuta dalam Perwujudan Arsitektur Tradisional Bali," proposes to delve into a deeply significant and fundamental aspect of Balinese architectural philosophy. The abstract effectively introduces Panca Mahabhuta as a foundational conception that interweaves the macrocosmic (bhuwana agung), microcosmic (bhuwana alit), and mesocosmic (built environment) scales, demonstrating a holistic worldview inherent in traditional Balinese design. The acknowledgment that similar elemental conceptions exist in other classical cultures provides a valuable comparative context, suggesting a broader anthropological and architectural relevance beyond the immediate cultural sphere. This interdisciplinary approach promises to offer rich insights into the underlying principles guiding Balinese spatial organization. The proposed scope of inquiry is commendably comprehensive, aiming to dissect Panca Mahabhuta from multiple angles. The paper intends to define the conception, explore its philosophical background, and elucidate its relationships with natural characteristics, elements of the human body, and even allegorical figures such as the Five Pandawas. Crucially, it promises to culminate in an analysis of how these abstract principles are concretely applied to the layout and structural elements of Balinese buildings. The methodological framework, combining library research with field observations under a rationalistic paradigm and hermeneutic studies, appears well-suited for a nuanced exploration of both the theoretical underpinnings and practical manifestations of this complex cultural knowledge. While the abstract clearly outlines the paper's objectives, future versions could perhaps offer a slightly more specific indication of the types of architectural examples from field observations that will be analyzed or the specific historical periods to be focused on, which would further clarify the study's precise boundaries. Nevertheless, the article's clear articulation of its research questions and its broad coverage of Panca Mahabhuta's multi-faceted influence on Balinese architecture makes it a potentially valuable contribution to both architectural history and cultural studies. By illuminating the indigenous knowledge systems underpinning Balinese spatial organization, this work has the capacity to significantly enrich our understanding of traditional architectural wisdom and its enduring significance.

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