Rini Anggita, Nur Lathifah Mardiyati, Nur Lathifah Mardiyati

Hubungan Frekuensi Minuman Kemasan Berpemanis dengan Status Gizi pada Remaja Usia 13 - 15 Tahun di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta

Introduction

Hubungan frekuensi minuman kemasan berpemanis dengan status gizi pada remaja usia 13 - 15 tahun di smp muhammadiyah 1 surakarta. Teliti hubungan frekuensi konsumsi minuman kemasan berpemanis dengan status gizi (kurus, gemuk, obesitas) pada remaja 13-15 tahun di Surakarta. Studi menemukan korelasi signifikan.

Abstract

The consumption of sweetened beverages (SVB) is increasing among adolescents and is thought to contribute to nutritional status problems, both overnutrition and undernutrition. Adolescents who frequently consume sweetened beverages tend to experience an increase in daily calorie intake without being balanced appropriate energy needs, so they are at risk of being overweight. This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of consumption of sweetened beverages and nutritional status in adolescents aged 13-15 years at Muhammadiyah 1 Junior High School, Surakarta. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the frequency of consumption of sweetened beverages and nutritional status in adolescents aged 13-15 years at Muhammadiyah 1 Junior High School, Surakarta. This study used an observational analytical study design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was 77 students consisting of several classes, namely grades VII, VIII and IX. Data on the frequency of consumption of sweetened beverages was collected using a Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for the past 1 month, while nutritional status was determined based on body mass index using WHO standards. In the analysis of students of Muhammadiyah 1 Junior High School Surakarta, 5.1% were found to be undernourished, 36.3% to be overnourished, and 9% to be obese. The analysis showed that adolescents consumed sweetened packaged drinks in the category of sometimes 15.5%, and often 27.2%. After being analyzed using statistical tests, namely the Chi Square test, there was a relationship between the frequency of sweetened packaged drinks and nutritional status (p = 0.039).

Review

This study capably addresses a pertinent public health issue concerning the dietary habits and nutritional status of adolescents in Surakarta, Indonesia. The clear objective to investigate the relationship between the frequency of sweetened beverage consumption and nutritional status is well-defined. Employing an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design, the research utilizes standard methodologies, including a Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for consumption data and Body Mass Index based on WHO standards for nutritional status assessment. The finding of a statistically significant relationship (p = 0.039) between sweetened packaged drink frequency and nutritional status provides valuable preliminary evidence, underscoring the potential impact of these beverages on adolescent health in the region. Despite its clear objective and relevant topic, the study's methodology presents several limitations. The cross-sectional design, while suitable for identifying associations, precludes the establishment of causality, meaning it cannot determine if frequent sweetened beverage consumption directly *causes* changes in nutritional status or if other factors are involved. The sample size of 77 students is relatively small, which may limit the generalizability of the findings, even within the specific school setting. Furthermore, the abstract's reporting of sweetened packaged drink consumption (15.5% "sometimes" and 27.2% "often") leaves ambiguity as to the remaining percentage of students and their consumption habits. Critically, the abstract does not specify the *direction* of the relationship (e.g., whether higher frequency correlated with overnutrition or undernutrition) or account for potential confounding variables such as physical activity levels, overall caloric intake, or socioeconomic status, which are known determinants of nutritional status. Nevertheless, this research contributes important initial insights into a relevant public health challenge among Indonesian adolescents. The identified association highlights the need for targeted interventions and health education programs within schools to promote healthier beverage choices. Future research should build upon these findings by employing longitudinal study designs to explore causality, utilizing larger and more diverse samples for improved generalizability, and incorporating a broader range of variables including physical activity, total dietary intake, and socioeconomic factors. Such comprehensive studies would provide a more nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between sweetened beverage consumption and adolescent nutritional outcomes, ultimately informing more effective public health strategies.

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