Fatimatuzahroh -, Ifan deffinika, Djoko Soelistijo, I Komang Astina

Efektivitas Program Keluarga Berencana Terhadap Penurunan Angka Kelahiran (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Bandar)

Introduction

Efektivitas program keluarga berencana terhadap penurunan angka kelahiran (studi kasus di kecamatan bandar). Kaji efektivitas program Keluarga Berencana di Kecamatan Bandar dalam menurunkan angka kelahiran. Temukan pencapaian target KB, serta hambatan seperti unmet need & partisipasi PUS.

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas dan hambatan dalam pelaksanaan program Keluarga Berencana (KB). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu sumber data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan dengan cara melakukan wawancara mendalam dan observasi lapangan. Wawancara mendalam mencakup informasi pencapaian target dan sasaran, pelaksanaan, dan hambatan program KB. Data sekunder dikumpulkan melalalui publikasi BPS, BKKBN, DUKCAPIL, laporan BPKB Kecamatan Bandar, dan penelitian terdahulu. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Bandar Kabupaten Pacitan dengan unit analisis adalah 8 desa. Landasan teori dan konsep fertilitas menggunakan Davis & Blake (1956). Informan penelitian terdiri dari 2 penyuluh KB sebagai informan kunci dan 11 Pasangan Usia Subur sebagai informan pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program KB di Kecamatan Bandar efektif untuk menurunkan angka kelahiran. Program KB yang efektif diketahui dari target program KB yang ratarata sudah tercapai, diantaranya TFR, ASFR (15-19), dan CPR. Meskipun program KB sudah efektif akan tetapi masih terdapat unmet need KB yang disebabkan oleh faktor pekerjaan suami, penyakit, dan juga biaya. Dalam pelaksanaan program KB masih terdapat beberapa hambatan seperti keterbatasan jumlah penyuluh KB dan minimnya partisipasi Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) laki-laki dalam mengikuti penyuluhan.

Review

This paper investigates the effectiveness and implementation challenges of the Family Planning (Keluarga Berencana - KB) program in Kecamatan Bandar, Pacitan, a crucial topic given its impact on population control and public health. Employing a robust case study approach, the research utilizes a mix of primary data, gathered through in-depth interviews and field observations, alongside comprehensive secondary data from various government agencies and previous studies. The study's primary finding indicates that the KB program in Kecamatan Bandar has been largely effective in reducing birth rates, with key indicators such as Total Fertility Rate (TFR), Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) for 15-19 year olds, and Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) largely meeting their targets. Despite the demonstrated overall effectiveness, the research astutely identifies significant underlying challenges that merit further attention. The presence of "unmet need" for KB, attributed to factors such as husband's occupation, existing health conditions, and financial constraints, suggests a need for more nuanced, user-centric program design. Furthermore, the study pinpoints critical operational obstacles, including the scarcity of KB counselors and a concerningly low participation rate among male Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) in counseling activities. These findings highlight that while the program achieves its targets quantitatively, qualitative gaps and systemic bottlenecks persist, potentially limiting its full societal impact and equity. This study makes a valuable contribution by providing a localized, in-depth understanding of the KB program's performance, effectively showcasing both its successes and persistent shortcomings. The findings offer critical insights for policymakers and program implementers, urging them to develop targeted interventions that address the identified unmet needs and structural barriers. Future research could build upon these findings by exploring innovative strategies to enhance male engagement in family planning and investigating tailored solutions for specific groups experiencing unmet needs, thereby ensuring a more inclusive and robust KB program delivery.

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