Ade Apandi, Ardhia Rachma Cahyani, Feriana Radika Sari, Raditya Lintang S

Dinamika Politik dan Militer di Indonesia dalam Konteks Pemberontakan dan Peralihan Kekuasaan (1946-1965)

Introduction

Dinamika politik dan militer di indonesia dalam konteks pemberontakan dan peralihan kekuasaan (1946-1965). Telusuri peran militer dalam politik Indonesia (1946-1965), mengkaji pemberontakan, transisi kekuasaan Soekarno-Soeharto, dan konsep Dwifungsi ABRI dalam menjaga stabilitas negara.

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas peran militer dalam politik Indonesia pada periode 1946–1965, dengan fokus pada pemikiran politik militer, latar belakang pemberontakan, serta respons militer terhadap kondisi darurat dan transisi kekuasaan dari Soekarno ke Soeharto. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur, penelitian ini mengkaji teori pemikiran politik militer, seperti konsep "military guardianship" dan Dwifungsi ABRI, serta relevansinya dengan kondisi sosial, politik, dan ekonomi Indonesia pada masa tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan militer dalam politik di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh dinamika internal, seperti pemberontakan DI/TII, PRRI/Permesta, dan G30S/PKI, serta faktor eksternal, seperti tekanan geopolitik Perang Dingin. Militer memanfaatkan legitimasi sebagai penjaga stabilitas negara untuk mengintegrasikan peran mereka dalam ranah sipil dan politik, yang mencapai puncaknya pada awal Orde Baru. Selain itu, konsep Dwifungsi ABRI menjadi landasan ideologis bagi militer untuk berperan tidak hanya sebagai alat pertahanan, tetapi juga sebagai aktor politik. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman komprehensif mengenai hubungan antara militer dan politik di Indonesia, serta kontribusi mereka dalam menjaga stabilitas negara di tengah gejolak domestik dan pengaruh global. Analisis ini diharapkan dapat memberikan perspektif baru tentang peran militer dalam konteks sejarah politik Indonesia dan relevansinya dalam dinamika politik kontemporer.

Review

This research, "Dinamika Politik dan Militer di Indonesia dalam Konteks Pemberontakan dan Peralihan Kekuasaan (1946-1965)," presents a timely and highly relevant investigation into the intricate relationship between the military and politics in Indonesia during a pivotal period of nation-building. Focusing on the years 1946-1965, the study aims to comprehensively explore military political thought, the genesis of various rebellions, and the military's response to national emergencies and the critical transition of power from Soekarno to Soeharto. Employing a qualitative methodology based on a literature review, the paper promises to engage with foundational theories such as "military guardianship" and Dwifungsi ABRI, contextualizing them within Indonesia's complex socio-political and economic landscape of the time. The abstract highlights several key findings that underscore the military's deep entrenchment in Indonesian politics. It posits that military involvement was shaped by a confluence of internal factors, including significant rebellions like DI/TII, PRRI/Permesta, and G30S/PKI, as well as external pressures stemming from Cold War geopolitics. Crucially, the military is shown to have leveraged its perceived legitimacy as a guardian of state stability to progressively integrate its role into civilian and political spheres, culminating in its prominent position at the dawn of the New Order. The abstract particularly emphasizes the conceptual power of Dwifungsi ABRI, which provided the ideological bedrock for the military's dual function as both a defense apparatus and a political actor, thereby offering a robust framework for understanding its expansive influence. While the abstract lays out a compelling historical narrative and a clear analytical framework, future readers might benefit from a deeper exploration of the nuanced mechanisms through which military guardianship translated into concrete political power, especially during the specified power transition. Furthermore, the abstract mentions the "relevance in contemporary political dynamics"; a more explicit articulation of how these historical insights might inform current discussions on civil-military relations or democratic consolidation in Indonesia would enhance the study's impact. Nevertheless, this research promises to be a significant contribution to the existing scholarship on Indonesian political history and military studies, offering a crucial understanding of the forces that shaped the nation's early trajectory and continue to resonate in its modern political landscape.

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