Dinamika Abrasi terkait Perubahan Garis Pantai di Desa Pantai Bahagia Kabupaten Bekasi
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Nisrina Nur Elmanda, Ananto Aji, Heri Tjahjono, Fahrudin Hanafi

Dinamika Abrasi terkait Perubahan Garis Pantai di Desa Pantai Bahagia Kabupaten Bekasi

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Introduction

Dinamika abrasi terkait perubahan garis pantai di desa pantai bahagia kabupaten bekasi. Analisis dinamika abrasi & perubahan garis pantai multitemporal di Desa Pantai Bahagia, Bekasi (1993-2023). Ungkap dampak kehilangan daratan signifikan akibat konversi mangrove & kenaikan air laut.

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Abstract

Desa Pantai Bahagia merupakan salah satu pesisir di Kabupaten Bekasi tepatnya di Kecamatan Muaragembong yang telah mengalami abrasi dengan sangat signifikan. Kejadian abrasi ini disebabkan oleh naiknya permukaan air laut dan adanya faktor pemicu berupa konversi lahan kawasan mangrove oleh masyarakat untuk keperluan pertambahan lahan tambak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dinamika abrasi secara multitemporal selama 30 tahun di Desa Pantai Bahagia dari tahun 1993, 2000, 2007, 2012, 2020, 2023. Metode yang dilakukan adalah tahapan ekstraksi garis pantai dengan algoritma MNDWI (Modified Diference Water Index). Data garis pantai yang didapatkan lalu dihitung statistik dengan bantuan tools extension DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) pada ArcMap 10.8 untuk pengolahan data luas perubahan garis pantai yang memiliki nilai abrasi. Statistik yang digunakan yaitu EPR (End Point Rate) dengan membandingkan dua garis pantai serta LRR (Linear Regression Rate). Hasil yang dilakukan uji ground check di area garis pantai pada transek yang mengalami abrasi meningkat setiap tahunnya menyebabkan pengurangan daratan menjadi laut di Dukuh Muara Bendera Timur, Gobah Timur, Kampung Beting dan Blukbuk Timur. Rata –rata pengurangan daratan yang terjadi sebesar -18,77m/tahun pada 1992-2000, di tahun 2000-2007 terjadi sebesar -16,19 m/tahun, pada tahun 2007-2012 terjadi sebesar -31,86 m/tahun, pada tahun 2012-2020 memiliki rata-rata pengurangan daratan sebesar -130,13 m/tahun, serta di tahun 2020-2023 terjadi pengurangan daratan sebesar -60,32 m/tahun.


Review

This paper investigates the critical issue of coastal abrasion and its impact on shoreline changes in Desa Pantai Bahagia, Bekasi Regency. The abstract clearly articulates the problem's severity, highlighting significant abrasion driven by both rising sea levels and, notably, anthropogenic factors such as the conversion of mangrove areas for aquaculture. The study's objective to conduct a multitemporal analysis of abrasion dynamics over a substantial 30-year period (1993-2023) is highly pertinent, offering a valuable temporal perspective on a widespread environmental challenge in coastal communities. The methodology employed demonstrates a sound scientific approach, utilizing established remote sensing techniques like MNDWI for accurate shoreline extraction. The subsequent statistical analysis with DSAS on ArcMap, incorporating EPR and LRR metrics, provides a robust framework for quantifying shoreline changes. The inclusion of multiple temporal snapshots (1993, 2000, 2007, 2012, 2020, 2023) is a significant strength, enabling the identification of trends and periods of accelerated land loss. The presented results, which include specific annual land reduction rates for different periods and the identification of critically affected hamlets, are impactful and provide concrete evidence of the alarming scale and acceleration of abrasion in the study area. The ground check further validates the remote sensing findings. While the abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the problem's quantification, a full paper would benefit from a more explicit discussion of the broader implications of these findings. Connecting the high abrasion rates directly to the socioeconomic impacts on the local population (e.g., loss of homes, livelihoods, displacement) would underscore the urgency and societal relevance of the research. Furthermore, while the conversion of mangroves is identified as a factor, a more detailed analysis of the spatial and temporal correlation between specific land-use changes and the observed acceleration of abrasion rates could strengthen the causal links. Finally, discussing potential policy interventions or community-based mitigation strategies derived from these findings would enhance the paper's contribution to practical coastal management and conservation efforts.


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