Abdillah Jamil, Al Imran, Firdaus Firdaus, Dessy Ana Laila Sari

Development of Prototype of Arduino-Based Automatic Ablution Faucet to Save Water Usage

Introduction

Development of prototype of arduino-based automatic ablution faucet to save water usage. Develop an Arduino-based automatic ablution faucet prototype. Reduces water usage by 44.03% in mosques via real-time monitoring and ISO 25010 evaluation.

Abstract

This study aimed to design and develop a prototype of an Arduino-based automatic ablution faucet to minimize water consumption and promote sustainable resource use in worship facilities. This study employed an engineering research approach using a prototyping method that included system analysis, hardware and software design, prototype construction, and performance evaluation. The developed system integrates a proximity sensor to automatically control the opening and closing of the faucet, a water flow sensor to measure water usage, and an LCD display to present real-time consumption data. Functional and usability evaluations were conducted according to the ISO 25010 standard through direct testing and user questionnaires involving 30 mosque congregants. The results indicated that the prototype effectively reduced water usage by an average of 44.03% compared to manual faucets, achieved a 100% functionality score from expert assessments, and received a usability rating of 87.8%, classified as “very effective.” These findings demonstrate that the system performs accurately, efficiently, and conveniently for small-scale mosques. The novelty of this research lies in combining the ISO 25010-based quality evaluation with a real-time monitoring system to ensure measurable performance and reliability. This innovation contributes to the advancement of intelligent water-saving technologies and supports environmental conservation through the integration of automation, sustainability, and user-centered design in the context of Islamic practices.

Review

This manuscript presents a compelling prototype of an Arduino-based automatic ablution faucet, directly addressing the critical issue of water conservation in religious facilities. The authors clearly outline an engineering research approach, meticulously detailing the integration of proximity and water flow sensors, along with an LCD for real-time monitoring. A significant strength of this work lies in its robust evaluation, adhering to the ISO 25010 standard, which yielded impressive results: an average 44.03% reduction in water usage, perfect functionality according to expert assessment, and a "very effective" usability rating of 87.8%. This pragmatic and user-centered design, specifically tailored for Islamic practices, highlights a practical and impactful application of IoT for environmental sustainability. While the findings are promising, several aspects warrant further exploration to enhance the study's impact and generalizability. The evaluation involved 30 congregants, which, while useful for initial validation, might be limited for comprehensive usability and long-term reliability assessments in diverse mosque settings. It would be beneficial to elaborate on the specific sub-characteristics of ISO 25010 that informed the functionality and usability scores, providing deeper insight into the evaluation criteria. Furthermore, while the prototype is compared to "manual faucets," a clearer baseline definition or a comparison with other existing (even non-Arduino) automatic faucet solutions could strengthen the claims of effectiveness and novelty. Future iterations could also benefit from an analysis of the system's cost-effectiveness and potential return on investment, crucial factors for real-world adoption in community facilities. Overall, this paper makes a valuable contribution to the field of intelligent water-saving technologies, demonstrating a tangible solution with measurable environmental benefits. The integration of automation, sustainability, and user-centered design within a specific cultural context is particularly commendable. The prototype shows strong potential for practical implementation in small-scale mosques and beyond. With further scale-up considerations, more extensive long-term testing, and a deeper dive into the economic implications and comparative market analysis, this research could pave the way for widespread adoption and significant contributions to global water conservation efforts. The study is well-conceived and executed for a prototype development, and its findings are highly relevant.

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