Liandra Aparecida Orlando Caetano, Priscilla dos Reis Oliveira, Wanderlei Abadio de Oliveira , Diene Monique Carlos , Cláudia Alexandra Bolela Silveira , Jorge Luiz da Silva

Consequências do bullying para a saúde mental de estudantes

Introduction

Consequências do bullying para a saúde mental de estudantes. Esta revisão explora as consequências do bullying e cyberbullying na saúde mental de estudantes, incluindo depressão, ansiedade e pensamentos suicidas. Aponta a necessidade de intervenções eficazes.

Abstract

Esta revisão integrativa da literatura pretendeu identificar quais as consequências que a participação no bullying escolar ocasiona à saúde mental dos estudantes. A busca bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados CINAHL, ERIC, LILACS, PsycINFO e SciELO utilizando os cruzamentos bullying AND mental health; bullying AND mental health problems; bullying AND mental health risk; bullying AND psychological problems; bullying AND psychological outcomes. A questão norteadora “Quais as consequências que a participação no bullying escolar ocasiona à saúde mental dos estudantes?”, elaborada de acordo com a estratégia PVO (Population or Problem, Variables and Outcomes). Consideraram-se artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2014-2018)  em português, inglês e espanhol. Entre os 66 artigos identificados, 13 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e tiveram o conteúdo analisado. A amostra dos estudos foi composta por participantes com idade de 6 a 19 anos. Os estudos demonstraram que o bullying e o cyberbullying causaram consequências negativas em todos os participantes, sendo estas relacionadas à saúde física, transtornos mentais, problemas psíquicos e doenças psicossomáticas (depressão, pensamentos suicidas, autolesão, ansiedade, baixa autoestima), entre outras. Conclui-se que é necessário realizar intervenções eficazes que amenizem os impactos na vida dessas crianças e adolescentes.

Review

This integrative review systematically addresses a crucial and highly relevant public health issue: the mental health consequences of bullying participation among students. The authors employed a robust methodological approach, utilizing a comprehensive search strategy across multiple prominent databases (CINAHL, ERIC, LILACS, PsycINFO, SciELO) and including articles in three languages (Portuguese, English, Spanish). The clear PVO-structured research question effectively guided the literature search and subsequent analysis, ensuring a focused investigation into the identified consequences. This systematic compilation of evidence, particularly within a recent five-year publication window (2014-2018), provides a timely and valuable synthesis of current research on this pressing topic. The review's findings unequivocally highlight the pervasive and severe negative impacts of bullying and cyberbullying on the mental health of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years. The included studies consistently demonstrated a broad spectrum of adverse outcomes, encompassing not only direct mental health disorders such as depression, suicidal ideation, self-harm, and anxiety, but also contributing to low self-esteem, general psychological problems, and even physical and psychosomatic illnesses. This comprehensive overview underscores the profound and multifaceted ways in which bullying can compromise a young person's well-being, reinforcing the urgent need for a holistic understanding of its sequelae. The review effectively consolidates existing knowledge, presenting a compelling case for the devastating reach of bullying behaviors. While the review provides a strong summary of the identified consequences, future iterations or related studies could potentially broaden the scope beyond the five-year window to capture foundational literature or explore nuances in intervention efficacy if a larger pool of articles were available. Nevertheless, the explicit conclusion emphasizing the necessity for effective interventions is a critical takeaway. This call to action is well-supported by the evidence presented and serves as an important directive for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers. The work contributes significantly to the understanding of the mental health burden associated with bullying, providing a solid foundation upon which targeted prevention programs and therapeutic strategies can be developed and implemented to mitigate these pervasive impacts on young lives.

Full Text

Comments

You need to be logged in to post a comment.