Usmadi Usmadi, Teeusa Lentera Elfrida, Sri Hartatik

Aplikasi Paclobutrazol dan Pupuk Kalium terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)

Introduction

Aplikasi paclobutrazol dan pupuk kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (zea mays saccharata sturt). Kaji pengaruh Paclobutrazol & pupuk Kalium pada pertumbuhan & hasil jagung manis. Temukan dosis terbaik (1000ppm Paclobutrazol, 250kg/ha Kalium) untuk tingkatkan produksi Zea mays saccharata.

Abstract

Produksi jagung manis di Indonesia mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2019 dan 2020. Penurunan produksi jagung dalam negeri cukup besar, hal ini disebabkan penerapan teknik budidaya yang kurang tepat. Peningkatan produksi tanaman dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan unsur hara dan zat pengatur tumbuh.  Penambahan Paclobutrazol dan pupuk Kalium diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi jagung manis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paclobutrazol dan pupuk kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi paclobutrazol yakni P1: tanpa Paclobutrazol, P2: 500ppm, P3; 1000ppm. Sedangkan faktor kedua yaitu dosis pupuk kalium yang terdiri dari K1: 150kg/ha, K2; 200kg/ha, K3: 250kg/ha. Seluruh perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian paclobutrazol dan pupuk kalium memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman yang meliputi diameter pangkal batang, umur berbunga, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol, diameter tongkol, kandungan gula terlarut dan indeks klorofil daun. Perlakuan yang terbaik dalam percobaan ini yaitu perlakuan P3K3, paclobutrazol (1000 ppm), dan dosis kalium (250 kg/ha).

Review

The study "Aplikasi Paclobutrazol dan Pupuk Kalium terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)" addresses a critical issue of declining sweet corn production in Indonesia, attributed to suboptimal cultivation practices. This research proposes an investigation into the combined application of Paclobutrazol, a plant growth regulator, and Potassium fertilizer as a potential strategy to enhance the yield and growth of sweet corn. The premise is highly relevant, given the economic importance of sweet corn and the urgent need for sustainable agricultural improvements in the region, making the study's objective to determine the effects of these inputs on sweet corn growth and yield particularly timely and impactful. Methodologically, the study employed a factorial Randomized Block Design, a robust approach for evaluating multiple factors and their interactions. The experimental setup involved two key factors: Paclobutrazol concentration, with levels of P1 (no Paclobutrazol), P2 (500 ppm), and P3 (1000 ppm); and Potassium fertilizer dose, comprising K1 (150 kg/ha), K2 (200 kg/ha), and K3 (250 kg/ha). Each treatment combination was replicated three times, ensuring statistical validity. Various growth and yield parameters were assessed, including stem base diameter, flowering age, ear length, ear weight, ear diameter, soluble sugar content, and leaf chlorophyll index, providing a comprehensive evaluation of treatment efficacy. The experimental results conclusively demonstrated that the application of both Paclobutrazol and Potassium fertilizer significantly influenced sweet corn growth and yield across multiple measured parameters. Notably, the study identified the P3K3 combination, corresponding to 1000 ppm Paclobutrazol and 250 kg/ha Potassium, as the most effective treatment for optimizing performance. These findings offer valuable insights into enhancing sweet corn productivity, suggesting a promising integrated nutrient and growth regulator management strategy. This research provides practical recommendations for farmers and policymakers aiming to counteract the decline in sweet corn production through improved and targeted cultivation techniques.

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